Key Highlights
- RMX-5Sil MS columns outperform traditional 5sil columns for analysis of 230 pesticides in more than 100 complex botanical matrices.
- Exceptional inertness improves peak shape and response, improving sensitivity and trace-level accuracy.
- Ideal for high-throughput labs—longer lifetime and stable retention times reduce downtime and increase sample throughput.
Abstract
Accurate trace-level GC-MS/MS multiresidue pesticides analysis in botanical matrices requires analytical methods capable of addressing both analyte diversity and matrix complexity. This study compares the performance of RMX-5Sil MS columns to a traditional 5-silarylene (5sil) type column across 230 pesticides and more than 100 botanicals. RMX-5Sil MS columns, engineered with TriMax deactivation technology, produced superior peak shapes and higher responses at 10 ppb and 50 ppb, even for adsorptive or matrix‑sensitive pesticides. They also delivered excellent recoveries, longer lifetimes, and exceptional retention time stability. These advantages enhance sensitivity, robustness, and efficiency, supporting improved laboratory productivity and food safety testing reliability.
Introduction
The global importance of food safety and the expanding market for plant‑based nutritional supplements have intensified the need for robust analytical methods capable of detecting pesticide residues at trace concentrations. Reliable multiresidue analytical methods are essential to ensuring consumer safety through quality control testing and routine monitoring programs. GC‑MS/MS is a leading technique for pesticide residue testing due to its high selectivity, sensitivity, and ability to simultaneously quantify chemically diverse analytes within a single analytical run. However, the accurate determination of pesticides at trace levels in complex botanical matrices remains a significant analytical challenge.
One of the primary obstacles in GC-MS/MS multiresidue pesticides analysis is the sheer chemical diversity of the analytes of interest. Pesticides encompass numerous structural classes—including organochlorines, organophosphates, pyrethroids, triazoles, and fumigants—with wide‑ranging volatilities, polarities, and thermal stabilities. Botanical matrices further complicate trace‑level multiresidue analysis because they often contain high concentrations of sugars, lipids, pigments, organic acids, terpenes, and other endogenous compounds. These sample components can reduce analytical accuracy by suppressing or enhancing pesticide ionization as well as by accumulating in the inlet or column and reacting with target analytes.
One critical factor in overcoming matrix‑related losses is the inertness of the GC system, particularly the inlet liner, metal surfaces, and the GC column. Many pesticides, especially those containing reactive functional groups, such as phosphates, carbamates, or chlorinated moieties, are highly susceptible to degradation or adsorption on active sites along the sample flow path. Silanol groups or surface contaminants in the column can trap analytes, resulting in poor peak shapes and reduced responses, which decreases sensitivity and causes inconsistent quantification. These interactions are exacerbated when matrices deposit nonvolatile residues that expose or generate new active sites over time. Highly inert GC columns can improve analyte recovery and overall method sensitivity by minimizing these surface‑driven losses.
In this study, we compared the chromatographic performance of RMX-5Sil MS columns to a traditional 5sil column for GC-MS/MS multiresidue pesticides analysis. RMX-5Sil MS columns were selected for comparison to test the effectiveness of the TriMax deactivation technology used to neutralize the column surface. This novel technology produces an exceptionally inert flow path that is free of active sites and has been demonstrated to improve peak shape and sensitivity for a wide range of active compounds [1,2], making it beneficial for trace-level GC-MS/MS multiresidue pesticides analysis.
Experimental
Sample and Standard Preparation
To assess column performance under real-world conditions, more than 100 challenging matrices that differed significantly in chemical composition were tested (Table I). Samples were fortified with 230 pesticides at 10 and 50 ppb and extracted according to a QuEChERS-based sample preparation procedure followed by SPE cleanup (Figure 1). Although this study utilized only GC-MS/MS for analysis, the extraction procedure was originally developed to produce extracts suitable for both GC and LC analysis, making it a useful protocol for laboratories using both techniques for pesticides analysis.
Matrix-matched calibration standards were prepared by reconstituting five individual matrix extracts with five different GC standard solutions (2, 5, 10, 20, and 50 ppb in toluene). A total of twenty-two internal standards were used for sample analysis. Sixteen internal standards were present in the extraction solvent and used to determine how successful the QuEChERS extraction and cleanup steps were. Six additional standards (QC standards) were later added to the reconstituted calibration standards and sample extracts to measure autosampler performance.
Table I: Sample Matrices Tested During RMX-5Sil MS Column Performance Evaluation
| Sample Number | Matrix Description |
|---|---|
| 1 | Apple Pectin Powder |
| 2 | Apple Pectin Powder |
| 3 | Vitamin E RM-Matrix |
| 4 | Shea Butter |
| 5 | Uva Ursi Extract (NLT 15% Arbutin) Powder |
| 6 | Mucuna spp. Extract (15% L-Dopa) Powder |
| 7 | Curcumin Complex |
| 8 | NGMO Lime Oil |
| 9 | Organic Raw Pecans |
| 10 | Organic Goji Berries |
| 11 | Lanolin Oil |
| 12 | DHA/EPA Fish Oil Enteric Soft Gels |
| 13 | Omega 3 Enteric Coating Soft Gels |
| 14 | Uva Ursi Extract (NLT 15% Arbutin) Powder |
| 15 | Mucuna spp. Extract (15% L-Dopa) Powder |
| 16 | Oat Flour |
| 17 | Creatine Monohydrate 200 Mesh |
| 18 | Organic Red Yeast Rice Powder |
| 19 | Urox Herbal Powder Blend |
| 20 | Cinnamon Honey Almond (w/ Rosemary Extract) Qualification |
| 21 | Organic Non-GMO Tamanu Oil |
| 22 | Melissa (Lemon Balm) Essential Oil |
| 23 | Omega 3 Fatty Acid Fish Oil |
| 24 | Omega 3 Fatty Acid Fish Oil |
| 25 | Milk Thistle Extract Powder |
| 26 | Organic Goji Berries |
| 27 | Organic Goji Berries |
| 28 | Evening Primrose Oil Bulk Liquid |
| 29 | Panax Ginseng Root Powder |
| 30 | Organic Eleuthero Root Powder |
| 31 | Quercetin with Bromelain Vegetarian Capsules |
| 32 | Garlic 500 mg EC Tablets |
| 33 | Organic Toasted Sesame Oil |
| 34 | Organic Goji Berries (Sunshine Produce New Sample Qualification) |
| 35 | Organic Non-GMO Raw Hulled Sunflower Seeds |
| 36 | Pau D’Arco Chai Tea Blend |
| 37 | Non-GMO Ginger Mint Comfort Tea Blend |
| 38 | Non-GMO Oregano Oil |
| 39 | Organic Turmeric Root Powder |
| 40 | Organic Non-GMO Rose Hip Seed Oil |
| 41 | Organic Non-GMO Coconut Sugar |
| 42 | Goldenseal Root Powder |
| 43 | Milk Thistle Extract Powder |
| 44 | Milk Thistle Extract Powder |
| 45 | Organic non-GMO Lemon Oil |
| 46 | Organic Shea Butter |
| 47 | Organic Raw Pecans |
| 48 | Ashwagandha Root Standardized Extract Powder |
| 49 | Vegetarian Capsules |
| 50 | Organic Coconut Sugar |
| 51 | American Ginseng Root Extract |
| 52 | Ashwagandha Root Standardized Extract Powder |
| 53 | Ashwagandha Root Standardized Extract Powder |
| 54 | Organic Coconut Milk (50% Fat) Powder |
| 55 | Molybdenum Glycinate Powder |
| 56 | Floradapt (TM) Intensive GI (AB-i3.1) Probiotic Blend Powder |
| 57 | Milk Thistle Extract Powder |
| 58 | Organic Non-GMO Rose Hip Seed Oil |
| 59 | Organic non-GMO Orange Oil |
| 60 | Organic non-GMO Orange Oil (re-injection) |
| 61 | Ashwagandha Root Standardized Extract Powder |
| 62 | 00el Elongated Vegetarian Capsules (R) Plus |
| 63 | Organic Non-GMO Pumpkin Seeds |
| 64 | Non-GMO Pumpkin Seeds |
| 65 | Creatine HMB Powder with Betaine & D3 |
| 66 | Rhodiola Root Extract (NLT 3% Total Rosavins) Powder |
| 67 | Organic non-GMO Virgin Coconut Oil |
| 68 | AC Keratin Hydrolysate 30 PF (Active Concepts) |
| 69 | Rhodiola Root Extract (NLT 3% Total Rosavins) Powder |
| 70 | Organic non-GMO Virgin Coconut Oil |
| 71 | Gigawhite (TM) |
| 72 | Organic Textured Vegetable Protein Granules |
| 73 | Organic non-GMO Erythritol Powder |
| 74 | Milk Thistle Extract Powder |
| 75 | Organic Inulin 95% from Chicory Powder |
| 76 | Plantservative WSr (Glenn Corp-Campo Cosmetics) |
| 77 | Organic Eleuthero Root Powder |
| 78 | Chicken Bone Broth (Stock) Powder |
| 79 | Chicken Bone Broth (Stock) Powder |
| 80 | Organic Red Yeast Rice Powder |
| 81 | Rhodiola Root Extract Powder |
| 82 | Organic Non-GMO Natural Raw Cocoa Powder |
| 83 | Curcumin Complex (Turmeric Extract [Roots/Rhizomes]) min 95% Granular |
| 84 | Organic Non-GMO Regular Rolled Oats |
| 85 | Psyllium Husk Powder |
| 86 | Astragalus Root Extract (70% Polysaccharides) Powder |
| 87 | Black Walnut Hulls Powder |
| 88 | Organic Moringa Tea |
| 89 | Maca Root Powder |
| 90 | Organic Argan Oil |
| 91 | Instant Micellar Casein Powder |
| 92 | Glucosamine HCL Powder |
| 93 | Organic Non-GMO Amaranth Grain |
| 94 | Goldenberries (Inca Berries), Dried Organic |
| 95 | Organic Inulin from Jerusalem Artichoke |
| 96 | NPD Organic Inulin from Chicory |
| 97 | Organic D-Mannose Powder |
| 98 | Tribulus Extract (NLT 45% Saponins) Powder |
| 99 | Horse Chestnut Extract (NLT 20% Aescin) Powder |
| 100 | Organic Non-GMO Dandelion Herb FC |
| 101 | Panax ginseng Root Powder |
| 102 | Organic Aloe Vera Inner-Leaf 200x Powder |
| 103 | Organic Inulin from Jerusalem Artichoke |
| 104 | Organic Fenugreek Seed Powder |
| 105 | Epimedium Extract (3% Icariin) Granular Powder |
| 106 | Zanthin Natural Astaxanthin Complex (10% Extract) Liquid |
| 107 | Organic NGMO Enzyme-Treated Stevia Powder |
Analytical Conditions
GC-MS/MS multiresidue pesticides analysis was performed using a Thermo Scientific TRACE 1610 GC equipped with a TSQ 9610 triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. Data acquisition and processing were accomplished using Thermo Scientific Chromeleon chromatography software. Instrument conditions and ion transitions are presented in Figure 2 and Appendix I.
The performance of RMX-5Sil MS columns was compared to a traditional 5sil type column. All columns tested were 30 m x 0.25 mm ID x 0.25 µm. The traditional column was installed with a 10 m integrated guard column to protect the analytical column from matrix contamination. For the RMX-5Sil MS column, two formats were tested: an Integra-Guard column and a dual Integra-Guard and Integra-transfer line column. Both formats are a continuous piece of tubing that houses the 5Sil MS analytical stationary phase as well as uncoated sections of deactivated tubing at the inlet side (guard) and/or detector side (transfer line). These formats were selected because they both provide a high degree of protection from matrix contamination without the need for manual connections that can leak and require downtime for maintenance. The dual format provides an additional benefit because the lack of stationary phase in the Integra-transfer line going to the detector means less bleed at high temperatures, so the MS stays cleaner and signal-to-noise ratios can be improved.
Results and Discussion
Chromatographic Performance
All 230 pesticides were successfully analyzed on both RMX-5Sil MS column formats in a fast, 22-minute analysis with a total injection-to-injection cycle time of just 35 minutes, which met our requirements for high-throughput testing. Column selectivity was a drop-in replacement for the traditional 5sil column, and a representative total ion chromatogram for the RMX-5Sil MS with Integra-Guard column is shown in Figure 2. (The same chromatographic profile is also obtained using a dual Integra-Guard and Integra-transfer line format RMX-5Sil MS column.) The data reported in subsequent experiments were generated on the RMX-5Sil MS with Integra-Guard column.
GC_FS0619
Conditions
| Column | RMX-5Sil MS GC capillary column with 5 m Integra-Guard & Integra-Transfer Line, 30 m, 0.25 mm ID, 0.25 µm (cat.# 17323-124177) |
|---|---|
| Standard/Sample | Custom standards |
| Conc.: | 50 pg on-column concentration |
| Injection | |
| Inj. Vol.: | 1 µL splitless (hold 0.8 min) |
| Liner: | Topaz 4.0 mm ID single taper liner w/wool (cat.# 23447) |
| Inj. Temp.: | 260 °C |
| Purge Flow: | 60 mL/min |
| Oven | |
| Oven Temp.: | 40 °C (hold 1.5 min) to 90 °C at 40 °C/min (hold 1.5 min) to 180 °C at 40 °C/min to 250 °C at 10 °C/min to 280 °C at 5 °C/min to 320 °C at 10 °C/min (hold 5 min) |
| Carrier Gas | He, constant flow |
| Flow Rate: | 1.4 mL/min |
| Linear Velocity: | 32 cm/sec @ 40 °C |
| Dead Time: | 1.56 min @ 40 °C |
| Detector | Thermo Scientific TSQ 9610 Triple Quadrupole GC-MS |
|---|---|
| Transfer Line Temp.: | 280 °C |
| Analyzer Type: | Quadrupole |
| Tune Type: | PFTBA |
| Ionization Mode: | EI |
| Instrument | Thermo Scientific Trace 1610 GC |
| Notes | See Appendix for compound names, retention times, MRMs, and collision energies. |
| Acknowledgement | NOW Foods |
While the overall runtime for all columns met high-throughput requirements, notable differences in column performance were seen when looking in greater detail at peak shapes and responses for challenging compounds in particularly difficult matrices. Figures 3-6 demonstrate some of the key performance advantages that RMX-5Sil MS columns offer due to their higher inertness and ruggedness compared to a traditional 5sil column.
Figures 3 and 4 show the results for three compounds (metalaxyl, chlorfenapyr, and beta-BHC) at 50 ppb in two matrices (ashwagandha and lime oil). Ashwagandha is rich in alkaloids; triterpenoid steroidal lactones (withanolides being a primary active component); sugars; and oils, which can cause signal enhancements or suppression. These components may also adhere in the column where they can interact with analytes and/or shorten column lifetime. Lime oil is similarly challenging as it contains terpenes, terpenoids, oils, and pigments that can mask pesticides and foul the column. Metalaxyl is prone to adsorption if active sites are present in the liner or column, which can lead to poor accuracy and reproducibility, particularly at trace levels. Chlorfenapyr is vulnerable to matrix components as well, particularly lipids and terpenes, which can make low-level detection difficult. Beta-BHC is particularly complex to analyze because it must be fully resolved from other isomeric forms and is prone to matrix enhancement in high-fat samples. In addition, beta-BHC readily sticks to the surface of liners and columns, which can significantly reduce sensitivity.
As shown in the chromatographic comparisons, even these sensitive compounds respond well in the presence of difficult matrices on RMX-5Sil MS columns. For example, as seen in Figure 3, metalaxyl and chlorfenapyr could not be properly analyzed on the traditional 5sil column because only one product ion was measurable, whereas SANTE guidelines require two for MS/MS detection. In contrast, on the RMX-5Sil MS column, the highly inert surface produced two or three signals with excellent peak shapes and intensities that allowed for definitive identification and integration. Similarly, for beta-BHC in lime oil, more symmetric peaks with higher signal-to-noise (S/N) ratios were obtained on the RMX-5Sil MS column (Figure 4). Most notably, the RMX-5Sil MS column provided much better separation of beta-BHC from an interference peak (Peak A) for m/z 146.60, which is shown in pink. The resolution value between the beta-BHC qualifier ion and Peak A was 1.21 on the RMX-5Sil MS column and just 0.79 on the traditional 5sil column.
In addition to the 50-ppb assessment, the chromatographic performance of RMX-5Sil MS and traditional 5sil columns was also compared at 10 ppb. As demonstrated in Figures 5 and 6, at this more stringent level, the results obtained for fluopyram in raw pecans and fipronil in rice were similar to those achieved for the other pesticides and matrices that were evaluated at 50 ppb. Fluopyram is susceptible to ion suppression in the presence of lipids, so the benefits of the RMX-5Sil MS column were clear in high-fat pecan samples where improvements were seen in peak shape, peak area, and S/N ratio (Figure 5). Fipronil is strongly adsorptive, so an inert sample flow path is essential. Again, the more inert RMX-5Sil MS column produced symmetrical peaks and stronger responses (Figure 6). In contrast, with the traditional 5sil column, peak splitting was observed for both the quantitation ion and a qualifier ion, and the quantitation ion peak was shorter and had a lower S/N ratio than the qualifier. Table II details similar peak shape and response improvements for additional pesticides at 10 ppb in other complex matrices, demonstrating the broadly effective inertness and performance benefits of the RMX-5Sil MS column.
Table II: Better peak shapes and responses are seen for a wide range of pesticides in diverse and challenging botanical matrices on RMX-5Sil MS columns compared to traditional 5sil columns.
| Quantitation Ion | Confirmation Ion | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Column | Pesticide | Matrix | m/z | S/N | Asymmetry | m/z | S/N | Asymmetry |
| RMX-5Sil MS | Trifluralin | Rosemary oil | 264.10 | 61.9 | 0.99 | 159.70 | 8.2 | 1 |
| Traditional 5sil | Trifluralin | Rosemary oil | 264.10 | 33.1 | 1.04 | 159.70 | 12.5 | 0.91 |
| RMX-5Sil MS | Chlorpyrifos | Cinnamon bark | 258.00 | 58.7 | 1.08 | 286.00 | 26.9 | 0.73 |
| Traditional 5sil | Chlorpyrifos | Cinnamon bark | 258.00 | 63.4 | 1.14 | 286.00 | 7.6 | 1.01 |
| RMX-5Sil MS | Chlorpyrifos | Tapioca starch | 258.00 | 68.4 | 0.97 | 286.00 | 6.2 | 0.81 |
| Traditional 5sil | Chlorpyrifos | Tapioca starch | 258.00 | 24.9 | 0.89 | 286.00 | 3.6 | 1.27 |
| RMX-5Sil MS | Propyzamide | Millet (hulled) | 145.00 | 25.4 | 0.98 | 74.00 | 34.5 | 0.98 |
| Traditional 5sil | Propyzamide | Millet (hulled) | 145.00 | 6.9 | 1.01 | 74.00 | 19.0 | 1.13 |
| RMX-5Sil MS | Piperonyl butoxide | Egg powder | 131.10 | 30.3 | 0.97 | 117.00 | 41.8 | 1.22 |
| Traditional 5sil | Piperonyl butoxide | Egg powder | 131.10 | 19.3 | 1.13 | 117.00 | 11.3 | 0.96 |
| RMX-5Sil MS | Terbufos | Egg powder | 128.90 | 36.8 | 1.02 | 174.90 | 15.9 | 1.02 |
| Traditional 5sil | Terbufos | Egg powder | 128.90 | 13.4 | 1.11 | 174.90 | 5.2 | 0.77 |
| RMX-5Sil MS | Chlordane (alpha cis) | Shelled almonds | 265.80 | 135.6 | 1 | 268.00 | 24.9 | 0.99 |
| Traditional 5sil | Chlordane (alpha cis) | Shelled almonds | 265.80 | 21.4 | 1.06 | 268.00 | 18.1 | 0.74 |
| RMX-5Sil MS | Permethrin I | Nighttime teas | 165.10 | 19.5 | 1.17 | 153.00 | 8.7 | 0.93 |
| Traditional 5sil | Permethrin I | Nighttime teas | 165.10 | 3.8 | 0.97 | 153.00 | 4 | 0.95 |
Recovery Evaluation
In addition to comparing the chromatographic performance of RMX-5Sil MS columns to traditional 5sil columns for GC-MS/MS multiresidue pesticides analysis, recovery experiments were also conducted. For this assessment, 35 pesticides representing a range of different chemistries were fortified at 50 ppb in curcumin and cinnamon-honey coated almonds. Curcumin is an extremely complex sample, and the high levels of curcuminoids (phenolic pigments) and volatile oils are known to cause matrix interference, which can compromise reporting accuracy. Similarly, cinnamon-honey coated almonds are also likely to cause matrix effects because they are high in fats and sugars, and the presence of cinnamon contributes pigments and other complex plant components. Overall, acceptable recoveries (70-120%) were obtained on both columns, but the RMX-5Sil MS column delivered better performance with an average percent recovery across all pesticides of 94% vs. 88% in curcumin (Figure 7) and 95% vs. 93% in cinnamon-honey coated almonds (Figure 8). Matrix effects impact individual pesticides differently, but on both columns the recoveries for all pesticides in both matrices were fairly consistent (%RSD range = 7-16%).
Column Lifetime
While good chromatographic performance is the most essential column characteristic for GC-MS/MS multiresidue pesticides analysis, particularly when labs need to test large panels in a wide range of sample matrices, column lifetime is another practical consideration. Especially for high-throughput labs, longer column lifetimes are beneficial because less downtime for maintenance means more uptime for sample analysis. During this lifetime study, a routine maintenance protocol of replacing the septum and inlet liner every 40 hours was conducted for all columns. Performance of the RMX-5Sil MS and the traditional 5sil column was monitored throughout routine use, and each column was trimmed only when performance began to degrade.
As shown in Table III, the traditional column required more frequent trims and ultimately failed to meet performance requirements after 1131 injections and 659 hours of use. In contrast, both RMX-5Sil MS column formats needed only two or three trims and met performance requirements for much longer. At the end of the study, both RMX-5Sil MS columns continued to deliver good performance and were still suitable for use after 1800 injections (1005 hours) for the Integra-Guard format and 1995 injections (1164 hours) for the dual Integra-Guard and Integra-transfer line format. It should be noted that this study was conducted during routine sample testing, and results were accumulated for each column during the period of time when it was installed, so the lower numbers for guard-only format reflect the fact it was not installed in the instrument as long. For both formats, the inertness of the RMX-5Sil MS column significantly reduced downtime for maintenance and sample analysis could continue even after running challenging matrices, such as oils, that usually require that the column be trimmed before another matrix can be run.
Table III: Lifetime of the RMX-5Sil MS column in both formats exceeded the traditional 5sil column, and more samples could be analyzed with fewer column trims.
| RMX-5Sil MS (Integra-Guard Format) | RMX-5Sil MS (Dual Integra-Guard and Integra Transfer Line Format) | Traditional 5sil with Guard | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number of injections | 1800 | 1995 | 1131 |
| Run time (hours) | 1005 | 1164 | 659 |
| Number of column trims | 2 | 3 | 7 |
| Status at end of experiment | still meets performance requirements | still meets performance requirements | end of lifetime |
Retention Time Stability
Over the course of a column’s lifetime or when changing columns, analyte retention times often shift, which necessitates an update of retention time windows in the chromatographic software. For GC-MS/MS multiresidue pesticides analysis, this is quite time-consuming with large analyte panels and, in our case, means 780 transitions must be evaluated and updated in the acquisition and processing methods. When using highly inert RMX-5Sil MS columns, we observed that the retention times were stable and that variation was minimal. Table IV shows that when retention times were compared on one column at installation and then later after 1800 injections, retention time changes were negligible throughout the run. Retention time stability was evaluated for the first eluting compound (dichlorvos); a mid-run compound (chlorpyrifos ethyl); and the last eluting compound (deltamethrin), and their retention times shifted by only 0.086, 0.125, and 0.201 minutes, respectively. Despite exposure to hundreds of injections of complex sample matrices, column performance remained resilient. Moreover, when installing a new RMX-5Sil MS column, we also observed that the retention time windows did not shift; they stayed consistent both throughout routine analysis and between different columns. High retention time stability resulted in less downtime for method updates and allowed sample analysis to resume much sooner than when using traditional columns.
Table IV: Retention times were highly consistent on RMX-5Sil MS columns even after exposure to hundreds of injections of challenging sample matrices.
| Pesticide | Retention Time at Initial Column Installation (min) | Retention Time at Injection 1800 (min) | Retention Time Change (min) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dichlorvos | 6.757 | 6.671 | 0.086 |
| Chlorpyrifos ethyl | 11.429 | 11.304 | 0.125 |
| Deltamethrin | 21.560 | 21.359 | 0.201 |
Conclusion
Ensuring accurate quantification of pesticides in botanical samples requires methods capable of overcoming both the chemical diversity of the target analytes and the complexity of natural product matrices. This comparative study demonstrates that GC‑MS/MS multiresidue pesticides analysis is significantly influenced by the inertness of the chromatographic system, particularly the GC column. Across a broad range of 230 different pesticides and more than 100 challenging botanical matrices, RMX‑5Sil MS columns consistently delivered superior chromatographic performance compared to a traditional 5sil column. The enhanced inertness provided by TriMax deactivation technology resulted in improved peak shapes, higher signal-to-noise ratios, and more accurate results at both 10 ppb and 50 ppb. These benefits were especially pronounced for highly adsorptive or matrix‑sensitive pesticides, whereas traditional columns exhibited signal loss and peak distortion.
In addition to chromatographic improvements, RMX‑5Sil MS columns provided accurate, consistent recoveries and demonstrated markedly longer operational lifetimes with reduced need for column trimming. Notably, their exceptional retention time stability—both over the course of hundreds of injections and between different column installations—further minimized system maintenance and downtime. Collectively, these advantages show that RMX‑5Sil MS columns offer meaningful performance advantages for trace-level GC-MS/MS multiresidue pesticides analysis by improving both sensitivity and operational efficiency. Their use can help laboratories maintain data quality while increasing productivity, ultimately supporting more effective food safety and quality control programs.
References
- E. Pack, J. Hoisington, C. English, R. Dhandapani, and C. Myers, Comprehensive trace-level semivolatiles analysis by GC-MS/MS (EPA Method 8270E), Application note, EVAN4919-US, Restek Corporation, 2025. https://discover.restek.com/application-notes/evan4919/comprehensive-trace-level-gc-ms-ms-semivolatiles-method-epa-method-8270e
- Y. Hiramatsu and R. Dhandapani, Trace-level semivolatiles analysis: an evaluation of the RMX-5Sil MS column published in collaboration with Shimadzu Corporation, Application note, EVAN5254-UNV, Restek Corporation, 2026. https://discover.restek.com/en/application-notes/evan5254/trace-level-semivolatiles-analysis-an-evaluation-of-the-rmx-5sil-ms-column
Appendix I
| Name | Retention Time (min) | Precursor | Product | Collision Energy |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1,4-Dichlorobenzene-d4 ISTD | 5.351 | 149.9 | 78 | 28 |
| 1,4-Dichlorobenzene-d4 ISTD | 5.351 | 149.9 | 115 | 14 |
| 1,4-Dichlorobenzene-d4 ISTD | 5.351 | 115 | 78 | 12 |
| Naphthalene-d8 ISTD | 6.436 | 136 | 108.1 | 18 |
| Naphthalene-d8 ISTD | 6.436 | 136 | 134.1 | 18 |
| Naphthalene-d8 ISTD | 6.436 | 136 | 84.1 | 20 |
| Dichlorvos-d6 ISTD | 6.657 | 191 | 99.1 | 10 |
| Dichlorvos-d6 ISTD | 6.657 | 191 | 115 | 15 |
| Dichlorvos-d6 ISTD | 6.657 | 226 | 115.1 | 15 |
| Dichlorvos-d6 ISTD | 6.657 | 226 | 191 | 5 |
| Dichlorvos | 6.669 | 185 | 93 | 10 |
| Dichlorvos | 6.669 | 145 | 109 | 10 |
| Dichlorvos | 6.669 | 220 | 185 | 5 |
| Dichlorvos | 6.669 | 145 | 113 | 15 |
| Allidochlor | 6.906 | 132 | 49 | 24 |
| Allidochlor | 6.906 | 132 | 56.1 | 8 |
| Allidochlor | 6.906 | 138.1 | 95.9 | 6 |
| Dichlobenil | 7.224 | 170.9 | 99.9 | 24 |
| Dichlobenil | 7.224 | 170.9 | 136 | 14 |
| Dichlobenil | 7.224 | 172.8 | 99.8 | 24 |
| Biphenyl | 7.451 | 151.8 | 125.8 | 24 |
| Biphenyl | 7.451 | 154.1 | 115 | 26 |
| Biphenyl | 7.451 | 154.1 | 127.4 | 30 |
| Mevinphos | 7.564 | 127 | 95 | 14 |
| Mevinphos | 7.564 | 127 | 109 | 10 |
| Mevinphos | 7.564 | 192 | 127 | 10 |
| 3,4′-Dichloroaniline | 7.683 | 161 | 90 | 20 |
| 3,4′-Dichloroaniline | 7.683 | 161 | 98.9 | 22 |
| 3,4′-Dichloroaniline | 7.683 | 161 | 125.5 | 14 |
| Etridiazole | 7.758 | 182.8 | 139.9 | 14 |
| Etridiazole | 7.758 | 211 | 139.9 | 20 |
| Etridiazole | 7.758 | 211 | 182.9 | 10 |
| Propham | 7.759 | 120.1 | 77.1 | 15 |
| Propham | 7.759 | 137 | 93.1 | 10 |
| Propham | 7.759 | 179.1 | 120.2 | 15 |
| Propham | 7.759 | 179.1 | 137.1 | 10 |
| Pebulate | 7.777 | 128.1 | 57.1 | 8 |
| Pebulate | 7.777 | 161 | 128 | 10 |
| Pebulate | 7.777 | 203 | 160 | 15 |
| N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)formamide | 7.919 | 120 | 77.1 | 15 |
| N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)formamide | 7.919 | 149.1 | 106.1 | 16 |
| N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)formamide | 7.919 | 149.1 | 121.1 | 6 |
| Methacrifos | 7.946 | 125 | 79 | 6 |
| Methacrifos | 7.946 | 180 | 93 | 10 |
| Methacrifos | 7.946 | 240 | 180 | 10 |
| Tetrahydrophthalimide (THPI) | 7.98 | 151 | 77.1 | 20 |
| Tetrahydrophthalimide (THPI) | 7.98 | 151 | 79.9 | 6 |
| Tetrahydrophthalimide (THPI) | 7.98 | 151 | 122.1 | 8 |
| Acenaphthene-d10 ISTD | 8.024 | 160.1 | 132 | 24 |
| Acenaphthene-d10 ISTD | 8.024 | 162.1 | 160.1 | 18 |
| Acenaphthene-d10 ISTD | 8.024 | 164 | 162.1 | 16 |
| Chloroneb | 8.033 | 190.9 | 113 | 14 |
| Chloroneb | 8.033 | 193 | 113 | 8 |
| Chloroneb | 8.033 | 206 | 141 | 20 |
| 2-Phenylphenol | 8.171 | 170.1 | 115 | 34 |
| 2-Phenylphenol | 8.171 | 170.1 | 141.1 | 22 |
| 2-Phenylphenol | 8.171 | 171 | 142 | 25 |
| Pentachlorobenzene | 8.204 | 249.8 | 143.6 | 38 |
| Pentachlorobenzene | 8.204 | 249.8 | 178.5 | 24 |
| Pentachlorobenzene | 8.204 | 249.8 | 214.8 | 16 |
| Tecnazene | 8.205 | 214.8 | 143.6 | 20 |
| Tecnazene | 8.205 | 214.8 | 178.7 | 10 |
| Tecnazene | 8.205 | 214.8 | 179.9 | 15 |
| Fluorene-d10 ISTD | 8.619 | 174.2 | 94.1 | 40 |
| Fluorene-d10 ISTD | 8.619 | 174.2 | 146.1 | 25 |
| Fluorene-d10 ISTD | 8.619 | 176.2 | 122.1 | 40 |
| Propachlor | 8.656 | 120 | 50.9 | 35 |
| Propachlor | 8.656 | 120 | 77 | 15 |
| Propachlor | 8.656 | 120 | 92 | 15 |
| Diphenylamine | 8.798 | 168.1 | 139 | 24 |
| Diphenylamine | 8.798 | 168.1 | 167.1 | 22 |
| Diphenylamine | 8.798 | 169.2 | 167.1 | 14 |
| Ethalfluralin | 8.828 | 276 | 202 | 14 |
| Ethalfluralin | 8.828 | 276 | 248.1 | 8 |
| Ethalfluralin | 8.828 | 315.9 | 276.1 | 8 |
| 2,3,5,6-Tetrachloroaniline | 8.844 | 230.8 | 157.9 | 18 |
| 2,3,5,6-Tetrachloroaniline | 8.844 | 230.8 | 159.8 | 18 |
| 2,3,5,6-Tetrachloroaniline | 8.844 | 230.8 | 194.8 | 10 |
| Cycloate | 8.848 | 83.1 | 55.1 | 6 |
| Cycloate | 8.848 | 154.1 | 55.1 | 18 |
| Cycloate | 8.848 | 154.1 | 83.1 | 8 |
| Trifluralin | 8.923 | 306.1 | 159.7 | 20 |
| Trifluralin | 8.923 | 306.1 | 206 | 10 |
| Trifluralin | 8.923 | 306.1 | 264.1 | 8 |
| Chlorpropham | 8.933 | 171 | 127 | 8 |
| Chlorpropham | 8.933 | 213 | 127 | 14 |
| Chlorpropham | 8.933 | 213 | 171 | 6 |
| Benfluralin | 8.957 | 292 | 159.7 | 20 |
| Benfluralin | 8.957 | 292 | 206.1 | 10 |
| Benfluralin | 8.957 | 292 | 264 | 8 |
| Sulfotepp | 9.008 | 202 | 145.9 | 10 |
| Sulfotepp | 9.008 | 265.9 | 145.9 | 15 |
| Sulfotepp | 9.008 | 322 | 202 | 10 |
| Phorate | 9.203 | 75 | 47 | 8 |
| Phorate | 9.203 | 121 | 65 | 8 |
| Phorate | 9.203 | 260 | 75 | 8 |
| Diallate-cis | 9.205 | 234.1 | 150 | 18 |
| Diallate-cis | 9.205 | 235.8 | 152 | 18 |
| Diallate-cis | 9.205 | 235.8 | 194 | 12 |
| Diallate-trans | 9.323 | 234.1 | 150 | 18 |
| Diallate-trans | 9.323 | 235.8 | 152 | 18 |
| Diallate-trans | 9.323 | 235.8 | 194 | 12 |
| BHC, Alpha | 9.331 | 182.8 | 146.7 | 12 |
| BHC, Alpha | 9.331 | 218.8 | 146.6 | 20 |
| BHC, Alpha | 9.331 | 218.8 | 183 | 8 |
| Hexachlorobenzene-C13 ISTD | 9.419 | 287.8 | 217.9 | 30 |
| Hexachlorobenzene-C13 ISTD | 9.419 | 287.8 | 252.9 | 20 |
| Hexachlorobenzene-C13 ISTD | 9.419 | 287.8 | 182.9 | 40 |
| Hexachlorobenzene | 9.42 | 283.8 | 213.8 | 30 |
| Hexachlorobenzene | 9.42 | 283.8 | 248.8 | 18 |
| Hexachlorobenzene | 9.42 | 285.8 | 250.8 | 18 |
| Pentachloroanisole | 9.473 | 266.8 | 238.9 | 12 |
| Pentachloroanisole | 9.473 | 279.9 | 236.9 | 22 |
| Pentachloroanisole | 9.473 | 279.9 | 264.9 | 10 |
| Dichloran (Botran) | 9.49 | 160 | 124.1 | 8 |
| Dichloran (Botran) | 9.49 | 176 | 148 | 12 |
| Dichloran (Botran) | 9.49 | 206 | 176 | 10 |
| Atrazine-d5 | 9.55 | 220.2 | 205.1 | 10 |
| Atrazine-d5 | 9.55 | 205.1 | 105.1 | 15 |
| Atrazine-d5 | 9.55 | 205.1 | 127.1 | 10 |
| Atrazine | 9.561 | 200 | 122.1 | 8 |
| Atrazine | 9.561 | 200 | 132 | 8 |
| Atrazine | 9.561 | 215.1 | 58.1 | 12 |
| Diazinon oxon | 9.604 | 137.1 | 84.1 | 10 |
| Diazinon oxon | 9.604 | 217 | 119.1 | 10 |
| Diazinon oxon | 9.604 | 273.1 | 137.1 | 10 |
| Diazinon oxon | 9.604 | 273.1 | 217.1 | 10 |
| BHC, Beta | 9.643 | 182.8 | 146.7 | 12 |
| BHC, Beta | 9.643 | 218.8 | 146.6 | 20 |
| BHC, Beta | 9.643 | 218.8 | 183 | 8 |
| Clomazone | 9.645 | 125 | 89 | 14 |
| Clomazone | 9.645 | 138 | 74.9 | 24 |
| Clomazone | 9.645 | 138 | 111 | 12 |
| Profluralin | 9.661 | 318.1 | 199 | 15 |
| Profluralin | 9.661 | 318.1 | 284.1 | 10 |
| Profluralin | 9.661 | 330.2 | 69.1 | 20 |
| Quintozene | 9.735 | 213.8 | 141.9 | 28 |
| Quintozene | 9.735 | 213.8 | 178.9 | 14 |
| Quintozene | 9.735 | 294.8 | 236.9 | 14 |
| Terbuthylazine | 9.758 | 214 | 71 | 16 |
| Terbuthylazine | 9.758 | 214.1 | 104 | 16 |
| Terbuthylazine | 9.758 | 214.1 | 132 | 10 |
| Diazinon-d10 | 9.764 | 314.2 | 183.2 | 15 |
| Diazinon-d10 | 9.764 | 183.2 | 139.2 | 20 |
| Diazinon-d10 | 9.764 | 232.1 | 135.1 | 15 |
| Terbufos | 9.776 | 230.9 | 128.9 | 22 |
| Terbufos | 9.776 | 230.9 | 174.9 | 12 |
| Terbufos | 9.776 | 230.9 | 203 | 8 |
| BHC, Gamma | 9.782 | 182.8 | 146.7 | 12 |
| BHC, Gamma | 9.782 | 218.8 | 146.6 | 20 |
| BHC, Gamma | 9.782 | 218.8 | 183 | 8 |
| Pentachlorobenzonitrile | 9.783 | 272.9 | 237.9 | 16 |
| Pentachlorobenzonitrile | 9.783 | 274.8 | 204.9 | 28 |
| Pentachlorobenzonitrile | 9.783 | 274.8 | 239.9 | 18 |
| Diazinon | 9.812 | 137.1 | 54.1 | 20 |
| Diazinon | 9.812 | 137.1 | 84.1 | 12 |
| Diazinon | 9.812 | 179.1 | 121.5 | 26 |
| Propyzamide | 9.821 | 172.9 | 74 | 38 |
| Propyzamide | 9.821 | 172.9 | 109 | 8 |
| Propyzamide | 9.821 | 172.9 | 145 | 14 |
| Fluchloralin | 9.833 | 264 | 159.5 | 14 |
| Fluchloralin | 9.833 | 264 | 206.1 | 8 |
| Fluchloralin | 9.833 | 306 | 264 | 8 |
| Fonofos | 9.867 | 137 | 109 | 6 |
| Fonofos | 9.867 | 246 | 109 | 10 |
| Fonofos | 9.867 | 246 | 137 | 6 |
| PCB 18 ISTD | 9.924 | 186.1 | 151.1 | 18 |
| PCB 18 ISTD | 9.924 | 256 | 186 | 22 |
| PCB 18 ISTD | 9.924 | 258 | 186 | 22 |
| Pyrimethanil | 9.939 | 198.1 | 117.9 | 30 |
| Pyrimethanil | 9.939 | 198.1 | 157.6 | 18 |
| Pyrimethanil | 9.939 | 198.1 | 182.9 | 14 |
| Tefluthrin | 9.993 | 177 | 127 | 14 |
| Tefluthrin | 9.993 | 177 | 137 | 16 |
| Tefluthrin | 9.993 | 197 | 141.1 | 10 |
| Phenanthrene-d10 ISTD | 9.998 | 188 | 158.1 | 34 |
| Phenanthrene-d10 ISTD | 9.998 | 188 | 160.1 | 20 |
| Phenanthrene-d10 ISTD | 9.998 | 188 | 184.1 | 28 |
| Isazophos | 10 | 161 | 119 | 8 |
| Isazophos | 10 | 161 | 146 | 6 |
| Isazophos | 10 | 118.9 | 76 | 18 |
| Chlorothalonil | 10.006 | 263.9 | 168 | 24 |
| Chlorothalonil | 10.006 | 263.9 | 228.9 | 18 |
| Chlorothalonil | 10.006 | 265.8 | 133 | 36 |
| Terbacil | 10.017 | 160 | 76 | 12 |
| Terbacil | 10.017 | 160 | 117 | 8 |
| Terbacil | 10.017 | 161.2 | 144 | 12 |
| Disulfoton | 10.024 | 88 | 45 | 18 |
| Disulfoton | 10.024 | 88 | 59.8 | 6 |
| Disulfoton | 10.024 | 185.9 | 96.9 | 16 |
| Triallate | 10.144 | 86.1 | 43.3 | 6 |
| Triallate | 10.144 | 268 | 183.9 | 18 |
| Triallate | 10.144 | 268 | 226 | 12 |
| BHC, Delta | 10.151 | 182.8 | 146.7 | 12 |
| BHC, Delta | 10.151 | 218.8 | 146.6 | 20 |
| BHC, Delta | 10.151 | 218.8 | 183 | 8 |
| Pentachloroaniline | 10.455 | 264.8 | 193.6 | 18 |
| Pentachloroaniline | 10.455 | 264.8 | 202.8 | 20 |
| Pentachloroaniline | 10.455 | 264.8 | 229.3 | 12 |
| Endosulfan ether | 10.467 | 238.9 | 203.9 | 16 |
| Endosulfan ether | 10.467 | 241 | 206 | 15 |
| Endosulfan ether | 10.467 | 307 | 241 | 10 |
| Dimethachlor | 10.489 | 134 | 77 | 24 |
| Dimethachlor | 10.489 | 134 | 105.1 | 12 |
| Dimethachlor | 10.489 | 197 | 148.1 | 10 |
| Propanil | 10.5 | 160.9 | 99 | 24 |
| Propanil | 10.5 | 160.9 | 125.7 | 16 |
| Propanil | 10.5 | 217 | 161 | 8 |
| Acetochlor | 10.543 | 223.1 | 132.1 | 20 |
| Acetochlor | 10.543 | 174.1 | 146.1 | 15 |
| Acetochlor | 10.543 | 162.1 | 147.1 | 15 |
| Acetochlor | 10.543 | 162.1 | 144.1 | 10 |
| Chlorpyrifos-methyl | 10.582 | 125 | 47 | 12 |
| Chlorpyrifos-methyl | 10.582 | 125 | 79 | 10 |
| Chlorpyrifos-methyl | 10.582 | 286 | 93 | 12 |
| Vinclozolin | 10.622 | 186.8 | 124 | 18 |
| Vinclozolin | 10.622 | 198 | 145 | 14 |
| Vinclozolin | 10.622 | 212 | 172 | 14 |
| PCB 28 ISTD | 10.643 | 186.1 | 151.1 | 18 |
| PCB 28 ISTD | 10.643 | 256 | 186 | 22 |
| PCB 28 ISTD | 10.643 | 258 | 186 | 22 |
| Transfluthrin | 10.669 | 127 | 91.1 | 8 |
| Transfluthrin | 10.669 | 163 | 91.1 | 12 |
| Transfluthrin | 10.669 | 163 | 143 | 14 |
| Parathion-methyl | 10.67 | 246 | 106.1 | 20 |
| Parathion-methyl | 10.67 | 246 | 136.1 | 10 |
| Parathion-methyl | 10.67 | 263 | 109 | 15 |
| Alachlor | 10.686 | 160.1 | 130.1 | 25 |
| Alachlor | 10.686 | 188.1 | 132.1 | 20 |
| Alachlor | 10.686 | 188.1 | 130 | 32 |
| Alachlor | 10.686 | 188.1 | 160.1 | 8 |
| Tolclofos methyl | 10.698 | 265 | 219.9 | 20 |
| Tolclofos methyl | 10.698 | 265 | 250 | 12 |
| Tolclofos methyl | 10.698 | 266.8 | 252 | 12 |
| Propisochlor | 10.752 | 162 | 144 | 10 |
| Propisochlor | 10.752 | 223.1 | 132.1 | 20 |
| Propisochlor | 10.752 | 223.1 | 147.1 | 10 |
| Cymiazole | 10.759 | 218.1 | 144.1 | 15 |
| Cymiazole | 10.759 | 218.1 | 185.1 | 10 |
| Cymiazole | 10.759 | 130.1 | 77 | 20 |
| Cymiazole | 10.759 | 170.1 | 155.1 | 15 |
| Metalaxyl | 10.781 | 206 | 132 | 12 |
| Metalaxyl | 10.781 | 249.2 | 146.1 | 22 |
| Metalaxyl | 10.781 | 249.2 | 190.1 | 8 |
| Fenchlorfos | 10.85 | 124.9 | 79 | 6 |
| Fenchlorfos | 10.85 | 285 | 240 | 20 |
| Fenchlorfos | 10.85 | 285 | 270 | 13 |
| Heptachlor | 10.88 | 99.8 | 39 | 26 |
| Heptachlor | 10.88 | 99.8 | 65 | 12 |
| Heptachlor | 10.88 | 271.8 | 236.9 | 12 |
| Pirimiphos-methyl | 10.978 | 290.1 | 125 | 20 |
| Pirimiphos-methyl | 10.978 | 290.1 | 233 | 8 |
| Pirimiphos-methyl | 10.978 | 305.1 | 180.1 | 8 |
| Prodiamine | 10.988 | 321 | 203 | 15 |
| Prodiamine | 10.988 | 321 | 216 | 15 |
| Prodiamine | 10.988 | 321.1 | 279.1 | 6 |
| Fenitrothion | 11.044 | 260 | 125.1 | 12 |
| Fenitrothion | 11.044 | 277 | 109 | 16 |
| Fenitrothion | 11.044 | 277 | 260 | 6 |
| o,p-dicofol | 11.091 | 139 | 75.1 | 25 |
| o,p-dicofol | 11.091 | 139 | 111 | 15 |
| o,p-dicofol | 11.091 | 141 | 113 | 15 |
| o,p-dicofol | 11.091 | 250 | 139 | 15 |
| Malathion | 11.154 | 92.8 | 63 | 8 |
| Malathion | 11.154 | 125 | 79 | 6 |
| Malathion | 11.154 | 173.1 | 99 | 12 |
| Linuron | 11.165 | 160 | 73 | 30 |
| Linuron | 11.165 | 160 | 133 | 15 |
| Linuron | 11.165 | 248 | 61.1 | 10 |
| PCB 52 ISTD | 11.168 | 220 | 150 | 30 |
| PCB 52 ISTD | 11.168 | 255 | 220 | 14 |
| PCB 52 ISTD | 11.168 | 290 | 220 | 24 |
| Dichlofluanid | 11.189 | 123 | 51 | 32 |
| Dichlofluanid | 11.189 | 123 | 77 | 18 |
| Dichlofluanid | 11.189 | 223.9 | 123 | 10 |
| Pentachlorothioanisole | 11.219 | 262.7 | 192.9 | 28 |
| Pentachlorothioanisole | 11.219 | 295.7 | 245.9 | 30 |
| Pentachlorothioanisole | 11.219 | 295.7 | 262.9 | 12 |
| Chlorpyrifos-diethyl-d10 | 11.253 | 197.9 | 170 | 15 |
| Chlorpyrifos-diethyl-d10 | 11.253 | 324.1 | 260 | 15 |
| Chlorpyrifos-diethyl-d10 | 11.253 | 259.9 | 167 | 20 |
| Metolachlor | 11.297 | 162.1 | 132.9 | 14 |
| Metolachlor | 11.297 | 238.1 | 132.8 | 26 |
| Metolachlor | 11.297 | 238.1 | 162.2 | 10 |
| Chlorpyrifos-ethyl | 11.315 | 196.7 | 168.9 | 12 |
| Chlorpyrifos-ethyl | 11.315 | 314 | 258 | 15 |
| Chlorpyrifos-ethyl | 11.315 | 314 | 286 | 12 |
| Fenthion | 11.37 | 278 | 79 | 30 |
| Fenthion | 11.37 | 278 | 109 | 18 |
| Fenthion | 11.37 | 278 | 169 | 14 |
| Chlorthal-dimethyl (Dacthal) | 11.41 | 300.7 | 222.9 | 22 |
| Chlorthal-dimethyl (Dacthal) | 11.41 | 300.7 | 272.9 | 12 |
| Chlorthal-dimethyl (Dacthal) | 11.41 | 332 | 301 | 15 |
| Parathion-ethyl | 11.429 | 139.1 | 81.1 | 10 |
| Parathion-ethyl | 11.429 | 291.1 | 81 | 24 |
| Parathion-ethyl | 11.429 | 291.1 | 137 | 6 |
| Aldrin | 11.458 | 262.7 | 191 | 30 |
| Aldrin | 11.458 | 262.7 | 192.9 | 28 |
| Aldrin | 11.458 | 298 | 193 | 35 |
| Anthraquinone | 11.466 | 180 | 152 | 12 |
| Anthraquinone | 11.466 | 208 | 151.7 | 22 |
| Anthraquinone | 11.466 | 208 | 180 | 10 |
| Triadimefon | 11.486 | 208 | 111 | 20 |
| Triadimefon | 11.486 | 208 | 126.7 | 12 |
| Triadimefon | 11.486 | 208 | 180.8 | 8 |
| Dichlorobenzophenone, 4,4′ | 11.586 | 111 | 74.9 | 12 |
| Dichlorobenzophenone, 4,4′ | 11.586 | 139 | 74.9 | 26 |
| Dichlorobenzophenone, 4,4′ | 11.586 | 139 | 111 | 12 |
| Pirimiphos-ethyl | 11.612 | 304 | 168.1 | 12 |
| Pirimiphos-ethyl | 11.612 | 318.1 | 166.1 | 12 |
| Pirimiphos-ethyl | 11.612 | 318.1 | 182.1 | 10 |
| Triphenylmethane ISTD | 11.615 | 244.2 | 165.1 | 30 |
| Triphenylmethane ISTD | 11.615 | 244.2 | 167.2 | 10 |
| Triphenylmethane ISTD | 11.615 | 244.2 | 243.2 | 10 |
| Diphenamid | 11.681 | 166.8 | 152 | 16 |
| Diphenamid | 11.681 | 239.1 | 72.1 | 10 |
| Diphenamid | 11.681 | 239.1 | 167.1 | 8 |
| Fenson | 11.681 | 77 | 51 | 14 |
| Fenson | 11.681 | 141 | 50.9 | 30 |
| Fenson | 11.681 | 141 | 77 | 8 |
| Bromophos-methyl (Bromophos) | 11.691 | 125 | 79 | 6 |
| Bromophos-methyl (Bromophos) | 11.691 | 328.9 | 313.8 | 14 |
| Bromophos-methyl (Bromophos) | 11.691 | 330.8 | 315.8 | 14 |
| MGK264-1 | 11.706 | 164.1 | 67 | 8 |
| MGK264-1 | 11.706 | 164.1 | 80 | 24 |
| MGK264-1 | 11.706 | 164.1 | 98 | 12 |
| Isopropalin | 11.721 | 280.1 | 117.8 | 26 |
| Isopropalin | 11.721 | 280.1 | 180.2 | 10 |
| Isopropalin | 11.721 | 280.1 | 238.2 | 8 |
| Chlorfenvinphos-cis | 11.824 | 266.9 | 159 | 14 |
| Chlorfenvinphos-cis | 11.824 | 266.9 | 203 | 10 |
| Chlorfenvinphos-cis | 11.824 | 323 | 266.9 | 14 |
| Pendimethalin | 11.859 | 252.1 | 161 | 14 |
| Pendimethalin | 11.859 | 252.1 | 162 | 8 |
| Pendimethalin | 11.859 | 252.1 | 191.3 | 8 |
| Cyprodinil | 11.87 | 224.1 | 196.9 | 20 |
| Cyprodinil | 11.87 | 224.1 | 208 | 18 |
| Cyprodinil | 11.87 | 225.1 | 209.7 | 16 |
| Fipronil | 11.88 | 366.9 | 212.9 | 28 |
| Fipronil | 11.88 | 366.9 | 244.9 | 20 |
| Fipronil | 11.88 | 368.8 | 214.9 | 30 |
| Metazachlor | 11.899 | 133.1 | 117.3 | 22 |
| Metazachlor | 11.899 | 133.1 | 132.1 | 12 |
| Metazachlor | 11.899 | 209 | 132.1 | 16 |
| MGK264-2 | 11.909 | 164.1 | 67 | 8 |
| MGK264-2 | 11.909 | 164.1 | 80 | 24 |
| MGK264-2 | 11.909 | 164.1 | 98 | 12 |
| Isodrin | 11.945 | 146.8 | 111.1 | 10 |
| Isodrin | 11.945 | 192.9 | 123 | 28 |
| Isodrin | 11.945 | 192.9 | 157.2 | 20 |
| Chlozolinate | 11.949 | 259 | 152.9 | 26 |
| Chlozolinate | 11.949 | 259 | 187.9 | 12 |
| Chlozolinate | 11.949 | 331 | 259 | 8 |
| Penconazole | 11.973 | 158.9 | 89 | 28 |
| Penconazole | 11.973 | 248 | 157 | 22 |
| Penconazole | 11.973 | 248 | 192 | 12 |
| Chlorfenvinphos-trans | 11.995 | 266.9 | 159 | 14 |
| Chlorfenvinphos-trans | 11.995 | 266.9 | 203 | 10 |
| Chlorfenvinphos-trans | 11.995 | 323 | 266.9 | 14 |
| Fluopyram | 12.007 | 173 | 75.1 | 40 |
| Fluopyram | 12.007 | 173 | 95 | 25 |
| Fluopyram | 12.007 | 173 | 145.1 | 15 |
| Fluopyram | 12.007 | 223 | 196.1 | 15 |
| Tolylfluanid | 12.016 | 137 | 65.1 | 28 |
| Tolylfluanid | 12.016 | 137 | 91.1 | 18 |
| Tolylfluanid | 12.016 | 238 | 137 | 10 |
| Bromfenvinphos-methyl | 12.033 | 109 | 79 | 6 |
| Bromfenvinphos-methyl | 12.033 | 294.9 | 79.1 | 30 |
| Bromfenvinphos-methyl | 12.033 | 294.9 | 109 | 16 |
| Allethrin (Bioallethrin) | 12.054 | 123.1 | 41.1 | 24 |
| Allethrin (Bioallethrin) | 12.054 | 123.1 | 81.1 | 8 |
| Allethrin (Bioallethrin) | 12.054 | 136.1 | 93.1 | 12 |
| Heptachlor epoxide | 12.086 | 262.9 | 192.9 | 30 |
| Heptachlor epoxide | 12.086 | 352.8 | 262.9 | 16 |
| Heptachlor epoxide | 12.086 | 354.7 | 264.9 | 12 |
| Quinalphos | 12.124 | 146 | 118.1 | 10 |
| Quinalphos | 12.124 | 157.1 | 102 | 22 |
| Quinalphos | 12.124 | 157.1 | 129 | 14 |
| Triadimenol | 12.188 | 112 | 57.6 | 8 |
| Triadimenol | 12.188 | 128 | 65 | 18 |
| Triadimenol | 12.188 | 168.2 | 70 | 10 |
| Triflumizole | 12.198 | 179 | 144 | 14 |
| Triflumizole | 12.198 | 206 | 179 | 14 |
| Triflumizole | 12.198 | 206 | 186 | 8 |
| Captan | 12.199 | 149 | 70 | 20 |
| Captan | 12.199 | 149 | 78.8 | 14 |
| Captan | 12.199 | 149 | 105 | 6 |
| Procymidone | 12.199 | 212 | 172 | 10 |
| Procymidone | 12.199 | 285.1 | 96.1 | 10 |
| Procymidone | 12.199 | 285.1 | 257.1 | 10 |
| Folpet | 12.303 | 104 | 76 | 10 |
| Folpet | 12.303 | 130 | 102 | 12 |
| Folpet | 12.303 | 259.9 | 130.1 | 14 |
| Bromophos-ethyl | 12.368 | 96.9 | 65 | 16 |
| Bromophos-ethyl | 12.368 | 96.9 | 78.9 | 12 |
| Bromophos-ethyl | 12.368 | 302.7 | 284.8 | 14 |
| Chlorbenside | 12.442 | 125 | 62.8 | 28 |
| Chlorbenside | 12.442 | 125 | 89 | 14 |
| Chlorbenside | 12.442 | 125 | 99 | 16 |
| Tetrachlorvinphos | 12.462 | 109 | 79 | 6 |
| Tetrachlorvinphos | 12.462 | 328.9 | 109 | 18 |
| Tetrachlorvinphos | 12.462 | 330.8 | 109 | 18 |
| Chlordane alpha-cis | 12.477 | 372.8 | 265.8 | 20 |
| Chlordane alpha-cis | 12.477 | 374.7 | 265.8 | 20 |
| Chlordane alpha-cis | 12.477 | 376.6 | 268 | 20 |
| DDE-o,p’ | 12.479 | 246 | 176.1 | 28 |
| DDE-o,p’ | 12.479 | 317.8 | 246 | 20 |
| DDE-o,p’ | 12.479 | 317.8 | 248 | 18 |
| Paclobutrazol | 12.515 | 125 | 89 | 14 |
| Paclobutrazol | 12.515 | 236 | 125 | 12 |
| Paclobutrazol | 12.515 | 236 | 167 | 10 |
| Paclobutrazole-phenyl-d4 | 12.515 | 240.1 | 129.1 | 15 |
| Paclobutrazole-phenyl-d4 | 12.515 | 240.1 | 171.1 | 10 |
| Paclobutrazole-phenyl-d4 | 12.515 | 242.1 | 131.1 | 15 |
| Bromfenvinphos | 12.685 | 266.9 | 159 | 14 |
| Bromfenvinphos | 12.685 | 266.9 | 203 | 10 |
| Bromfenvinphos | 12.685 | 323.1 | 266.9 | 10 |
| Fenamiphos | 12.689 | 154 | 139 | 10 |
| Fenamiphos | 12.689 | 216.9 | 202 | 12 |
| Fenamiphos | 12.689 | 303.1 | 195.2 | 8 |
| Chlordane gamma-trans | 12.697 | 372.8 | 265.8 | 20 |
| Chlordane gamma-trans | 12.697 | 374.7 | 265.8 | 20 |
| Chlordane gamma-trans | 12.697 | 376.6 | 268 | 20 |
| Endosulfan I | 12.712 | 194.7 | 125 | 22 |
| Endosulfan I | 12.712 | 194.7 | 159.4 | 8 |
| Endosulfan I | 12.712 | 240.6 | 205.9 | 14 |
| Flutriafol | 12.716 | 123 | 75 | 24 |
| Flutriafol | 12.716 | 123 | 95 | 12 |
| Flutriafol | 12.716 | 219 | 123 | 12 |
| Nonachlor-cis | 12.75 | 406.8 | 297.9 | 15 |
| Nonachlor-cis | 12.75 | 406.8 | 299.9 | 15 |
| Nonachlor-cis | 12.75 | 406.8 | 334.9 | 10 |
| Flutolanil | 12.751 | 173 | 95 | 28 |
| Flutolanil | 12.751 | 173 | 145 | 14 |
| Flutolanil | 12.751 | 281 | 173 | 10 |
| Iodofenfos | 12.831 | 125 | 47 | 12 |
| Iodofenfos | 12.831 | 125 | 79 | 6 |
| Iodofenfos | 12.831 | 376.8 | 361.8 | 16 |
| Chlorfenson | 12.832 | 111 | 75 | 14 |
| Chlorfenson | 12.832 | 174.9 | 75 | 28 |
| Chlorfenson | 12.832 | 174.9 | 111 | 10 |
| Fludioxonil | 12.834 | 153.7 | 127 | 8 |
| Fludioxonil | 12.834 | 248 | 127 | 26 |
| Fludioxonil | 12.834 | 248 | 153.8 | 18 |
| Prothiofos | 12.872 | 266.7 | 220.9 | 18 |
| Prothiofos | 12.872 | 266.7 | 238.9 | 8 |
| Prothiofos | 12.872 | 308.9 | 239 | 14 |
| Pretilachlor | 12.893 | 202.1 | 145.5 | 14 |
| Pretilachlor | 12.893 | 202.1 | 174.2 | 8 |
| Pretilachlor | 12.893 | 238.1 | 146.1 | 10 |
| Profenofos | 12.946 | 296.7 | 268.9 | 10 |
| Profenofos | 12.946 | 336.9 | 266.9 | 12 |
| Profenofos | 12.946 | 336.9 | 308.9 | 8 |
| Oxadiazon | 12.991 | 174.9 | 76 | 28 |
| Oxadiazon | 12.991 | 174.9 | 112 | 12 |
| Oxadiazon | 12.991 | 174.9 | 147.2 | 6 |
| Tricyclazole | 13.027 | 162.1 | 135 | 10 |
| Tricyclazole | 13.027 | 189 | 161.9 | 10 |
| Tricyclazole | 13.027 | 189.2 | 135.1 | 15 |
| DDE-p,p’ | 13.035 | 246 | 176.1 | 28 |
| DDE-p,p’ | 13.035 | 317.8 | 246 | 20 |
| DDE-p,p’ | 13.035 | 317.8 | 248 | 18 |
| Oxyfluorfen | 13.075 | 252 | 146 | 30 |
| Oxyfluorfen | 13.075 | 252 | 169.8 | 28 |
| Oxyfluorfen | 13.075 | 252 | 224 | 10 |
| Myclobutanil | 13.084 | 179 | 90 | 28 |
| Myclobutanil | 13.084 | 179 | 125 | 14 |
| Myclobutanil | 13.084 | 179 | 151.7 | 8 |
| Bupirimate | 13.105 | 208.1 | 140.1 | 12 |
| Bupirimate | 13.105 | 208.1 | 165 | 12 |
| Bupirimate | 13.105 | 273.1 | 193.2 | 8 |
| Flusilazole | 13.115 | 206 | 151.3 | 14 |
| Flusilazole | 13.115 | 233 | 151.9 | 14 |
| Flusilazole | 13.115 | 233 | 164.9 | 16 |
| DDD-o,p’ | 13.16 | 235 | 165.1 | 20 |
| DDD-o,p’ | 13.16 | 235 | 199 | 14 |
| DDD-o,p’ | 13.16 | 236.8 | 165 | 20 |
| Dieldrin | 13.184 | 262.8 | 192.9 | 28 |
| Dieldrin | 13.184 | 262.8 | 227.8 | 16 |
| Dieldrin | 13.184 | 262.9 | 191 | 30 |
| Dieldrin | 13.184 | 277 | 241 | 10 |
| Chlorfenapyr | 13.276 | 136.9 | 102 | 12 |
| Chlorfenapyr | 13.276 | 248.9 | 112 | 24 |
| Chlorfenapyr | 13.276 | 248.9 | 137.1 | 18 |
| Fluazifop-butyl | 13.399 | 282 | 91.1 | 18 |
| Fluazifop-butyl | 13.399 | 282 | 238.1 | 16 |
| Fluazifop-butyl | 13.399 | 383.1 | 282.1 | 14 |
| Perthane (Ethylan) | 13.461 | 223.1 | 167 | 12 |
| Perthane (Ethylan) | 13.461 | 223.1 | 179 | 20 |
| Perthane (Ethylan) | 13.461 | 223.1 | 193 | 28 |
| Nitrofen | 13.462 | 202 | 139 | 24 |
| Nitrofen | 13.462 | 283 | 202 | 10 |
| Nitrofen | 13.462 | 283 | 253 | 10 |
| Endrin | 13.549 | 262.8 | 192.9 | 28 |
| Endrin | 13.549 | 280.8 | 245.3 | 8 |
| Endrin | 13.549 | 245 | 173 | 16 |
| Chlorobenzilate | 13.586 | 111 | 75.1 | 14 |
| Chlorobenzilate | 13.586 | 139 | 74.9 | 26 |
| Chlorobenzilate | 13.586 | 139 | 111 | 12 |
| Endosulfan II | 13.728 | 158.9 | 123 | 12 |
| Endosulfan II | 13.728 | 194.7 | 159 | 8 |
| Endosulfan II | 13.728 | 240.6 | 205.8 | 12 |
| Ethion | 13.733 | 153 | 97 | 10 |
| Ethion | 13.733 | 230.9 | 128.9 | 22 |
| Ethion | 13.733 | 230.9 | 174.9 | 12 |
| DDD-p,p’ | 13.777 | 235 | 165.1 | 20 |
| DDD-p,p’ | 13.777 | 235 | 199 | 14 |
| DDD-p,p’ | 13.777 | 236.8 | 165 | 20 |
| Chlorthiophos | 13.788 | 268.9 | 205 | 14 |
| Chlorthiophos | 13.788 | 296.9 | 268.9 | 8 |
| Chlorthiophos | 13.788 | 324.9 | 269 | 12 |
| Endosulfan sulfate | 13.813 | 238.7 | 203.9 | 12 |
| Endosulfan sulfate | 13.813 | 271.7 | 234.9 | 12 |
| Endosulfan sulfate | 13.813 | 271.7 | 236.8 | 12 |
| Nonachlor-trans | 13.817 | 406.8 | 297.9 | 15 |
| Nonachlor-trans | 13.817 | 406.8 | 299.9 | 15 |
| Nonachlor-trans | 13.817 | 406.8 | 334.9 | 10 |
| Aclonifen | 13.828 | 212 | 182.1 | 15 |
| Aclonifen | 13.828 | 264 | 194 | 15 |
| Aclonifen | 13.828 | 212 | 127.1 | 30 |
| Aclonifen | 13.828 | 212 | 155.1 | 20 |
| DDT-o,p’ | 13.832 | 235 | 165.1 | 20 |
| DDT-o,p’ | 13.832 | 235 | 199.5 | 10 |
| DDT-o,p’ | 13.832 | 236.8 | 165 | 20 |
| Endrin aldehyde | 13.988 | 173 | 138.1 | 16 |
| Endrin aldehyde | 13.988 | 344.9 | 281 | 8 |
| Endrin aldehyde | 13.988 | 249.9 | 214.9 | 25 |
| Endrin aldehyde | 13.988 | 345 | 245 | 15 |
| Triazophos | 14.003 | 161 | 105.7 | 12 |
| Triazophos | 14.003 | 161 | 134.1 | 8 |
| Triazophos | 14.003 | 257 | 162 | 12 |
| Sulprofos | 14.045 | 156 | 108 | 30 |
| Sulprofos | 14.045 | 156 | 141 | 14 |
| Sulprofos | 14.045 | 322 | 156.1 | 10 |
| Tris(1,3-dichloroisopropyl)phosphate ISTD | 14.119 | 75 | 49 | 16 |
| Tris(1,3-dichloroisopropyl)phosphate ISTD | 14.119 | 378.9 | 159 | 10 |
| Tris(1,3-dichloroisopropyl)phosphate ISTD | 14.119 | 380.9 | 159 | 10 |
| Carfentrazone-ethyl | 14.146 | 290 | 99.9 | 36 |
| Carfentrazone-ethyl | 14.146 | 311.9 | 150.7 | 18 |
| Carfentrazone-ethyl | 14.146 | 340.1 | 312.1 | 10 |
| 4,4′-Methoxychlor olefin | 14.232 | 238.1 | 152.1 | 30 |
| 4,4′-Methoxychlor olefin | 14.232 | 238.1 | 223.1 | 10 |
| 4,4′-Methoxychlor olefin | 14.232 | 308 | 238.1 | 16 |
| Carbophenothion | 14.237 | 157 | 45 | 12 |
| Carbophenothion | 14.237 | 199 | 142.9 | 10 |
| Carbophenothion | 14.237 | 342 | 157 | 10 |
| Norflurazon | 14.258 | 145 | 74.7 | 28 |
| Norflurazon | 14.258 | 145 | 95 | 12 |
| Norflurazon | 14.258 | 303 | 145 | 20 |
| Edifenphos | 14.312 | 172.9 | 65.1 | 30 |
| Edifenphos | 14.312 | 172.9 | 109 | 8 |
| Edifenphos | 14.312 | 310 | 109 | 26 |
| Lenacil | 14.382 | 153 | 82.1 | 16 |
| Lenacil | 14.382 | 153 | 110 | 14 |
| Lenacil | 14.382 | 153 | 135.6 | 12 |
| DDT-d8 ISTD | 14.43 | 243.1 | 206.1 | 15 |
| DDT-d8 ISTD | 14.43 | 244.1 | 174.1 | 20 |
| DDT-d8 ISTD | 14.43 | 245.1 | 173.1 | 20 |
| DDT-p,p’ | 14.48 | 235 | 165.1 | 20 |
| DDT-p,p’ | 14.48 | 235 | 199.5 | 10 |
| DDT-p,p’ | 14.48 | 236.8 | 165 | 20 |
| Hexazinone | 14.551 | 127.7 | 83 | 10 |
| Hexazinone | 14.551 | 171.1 | 71.1 | 14 |
| Hexazinone | 14.551 | 171.1 | 85.1 | 12 |
| o,p’-Methoxychlor | 14.581 | 121.1 | 78.1 | 20 |
| o,p’-Methoxychlor | 14.581 | 227.1 | 121.1 | 16 |
| o,p’-Methoxychlor | 14.581 | 228.1 | 122.1 | 16 |
| Tebuconazole | 14.742 | 125 | 89 | 14 |
| Tebuconazole | 14.742 | 125 | 99 | 16 |
| Tebuconazole | 14.742 | 250 | 125 | 20 |
| Propargite | 14.744 | 135.1 | 107.1 | 15 |
| Propargite | 14.744 | 150.1 | 135.1 | 8 |
| Propargite | 14.744 | 173 | 135 | 12 |
| Triphenylphosphate (TPP) ISTD | 14.802 | 215 | 168.1 | 16 |
| Triphenylphosphate (TPP) ISTD | 14.802 | 326.1 | 168.6 | 28 |
| Triphenylphosphate (TPP) ISTD | 14.802 | 326.1 | 325.3 | 10 |
| Piperonyl butoxide | 14.856 | 176.1 | 103.1 | 22 |
| Piperonyl butoxide | 14.856 | 176.1 | 117 | 18 |
| Piperonyl butoxide | 14.856 | 176.1 | 131.1 | 12 |
| Nitralin | 14.871 | 274 | 169 | 12 |
| Nitralin | 14.871 | 274 | 216 | 8 |
| Nitralin | 14.871 | 316.2 | 274 | 8 |
| Resmethrin | 14.895 | 123.1 | 81.1 | 8 |
| Resmethrin | 14.895 | 143 | 128 | 10 |
| Resmethrin | 14.895 | 171 | 127.9 | 14 |
| Captafol | 14.911 | 150.1 | 77.2 | 24 |
| Captafol | 14.911 | 150.1 | 79 | 6 |
| Captafol | 14.911 | 183.1 | 79.1 | 8 |
| Pyridaphenthion | 15.203 | 199 | 77.1 | 24 |
| Pyridaphenthion | 15.203 | 199 | 92.1 | 14 |
| Pyridaphenthion | 15.203 | 340 | 199.1 | 8 |
| Carbosulfan | 15.217 | 323.2 | 160.2 | 10 |
| Carbosulfan | 15.217 | 160.1 | 104.1 | 10 |
| Carbosulfan | 15.217 | 118.1 | 62.1 | 10 |
| Carbosulfan | 15.217 | 160.1 | 62.1 | 15 |
| Iprodione | 15.227 | 314 | 245 | 10 |
| Iprodione | 15.227 | 315.7 | 247 | 10 |
| Iprodione | 15.227 | 315.7 | 273 | 8 |
| Tetramethrin peak 1 | 15.277 | 164 | 77.1 | 22 |
| Tetramethrin peak 1 | 15.277 | 164 | 107.1 | 12 |
| Tetramethrin peak 1 | 15.277 | 164 | 135.1 | 8 |
| Endrin ketone | 15.366 | 209.2 | 138.4 | 30 |
| Endrin ketone | 15.366 | 316.8 | 208.9 | 28 |
| Endrin ketone | 15.366 | 316.8 | 281 | 10 |
| Phosmet | 15.387 | 160 | 50.9 | 34 |
| Phosmet | 15.387 | 160 | 76.9 | 22 |
| Phosmet | 15.387 | 160 | 133 | 10 |
| Bifenthrin | 15.391 | 165.1 | 163.6 | 24 |
| Bifenthrin | 15.391 | 181 | 165.9 | 10 |
| Bifenthrin | 15.391 | 181 | 179 | 12 |
| EPN | 15.447 | 157 | 77 | 22 |
| EPN | 15.447 | 169 | 77 | 22 |
| EPN | 15.447 | 169 | 141 | 8 |
| Tetramethrin peak 2 | 15.452 | 164 | 77.1 | 22 |
| Tetramethrin peak 2 | 15.452 | 164 | 107.1 | 12 |
| Tetramethrin peak 2 | 15.452 | 164 | 135.1 | 8 |
| Bromopropylate | 15.481 | 184.9 | 75.5 | 30 |
| Bromopropylate | 15.481 | 184.9 | 156.9 | 12 |
| Bromopropylate | 15.481 | 340.8 | 185 | 14 |
| Bifenazate | 15.512 | 196.1 | 141.1 | 20 |
| Bifenazate | 15.512 | 199.1 | 170.1 | 15 |
| Bifenazate | 15.512 | 258.1 | 199.1 | 10 |
| Bifenazate | 15.512 | 300.2 | 258.1 | 10 |
| Chrysene-d12 ISTD | 15.567 | 240.2 | 212.1 | 28 |
| Chrysene-d12 ISTD | 15.567 | 240.2 | 236.1 | 32 |
| Chrysene-d12 ISTD | 15.567 | 240.2 | 238.2 | 16 |
| Methoxychlor | 15.576 | 227.1 | 141.1 | 32 |
| Methoxychlor | 15.576 | 227.1 | 169.1 | 22 |
| Methoxychlor | 15.576 | 227.1 | 212.1 | 8 |
| Fenpropathrin | 15.609 | 97.1 | 55.1 | 6 |
| Fenpropathrin | 15.609 | 181 | 126.8 | 28 |
| Fenpropathrin | 15.609 | 181 | 151.9 | 22 |
| p,p’-Dicofol | 15.709 | 139 | 75.1 | 25 |
| p,p’-Dicofol | 15.709 | 139 | 111 | 10 |
| p,p’-Dicofol | 15.709 | 252 | 111 | 30 |
| p,p’-Dicofol | 15.709 | 252 | 139 | 10 |
| Tebufenpyrad | 15.727 | 276.1 | 171 | 10 |
| Tebufenpyrad | 15.727 | 318.1 | 131.1 | 14 |
| Tebufenpyrad | 15.727 | 318.1 | 145.1 | 14 |
| Fenazaquin | 15.85 | 146.2 | 118.2 | 15 |
| Fenazaquin | 15.85 | 160.1 | 117.1 | 20 |
| Fenazaquin | 15.85 | 160.1 | 145.1 | 10 |
| Phenothrin-cis Test | 15.917 | 123.1 | 81.1 | 10 |
| Phenothrin-cis Test | 15.917 | 183.1 | 153.1 | 15 |
| Phenothrin-cis Test | 15.917 | 183.1 | 165.1 | 10 |
| Phenothrin-cis Test | 15.917 | 183.1 | 168.1 | 10 |
| Phenothrin-cis | 15.921 | 123.1 | 41.1 | 24 |
| Phenothrin-cis | 15.921 | 123.1 | 79.1 | 14 |
| Phenothrin-cis | 15.921 | 123.1 | 81.1 | 8 |
| Phenothrin-trans Test | 16.068 | 123.1 | 81.1 | 10 |
| Phenothrin-trans Test | 16.068 | 183.1 | 153.1 | 15 |
| Phenothrin-trans Test | 16.068 | 183.1 | 165.1 | 10 |
| Phenothrin-trans Test | 16.068 | 183.1 | 168.1 | 10 |
| Tetradifon | 16.071 | 159 | 74.8 | 32 |
| Tetradifon | 16.071 | 159 | 111 | 20 |
| Tetradifon | 16.071 | 159 | 131 | 6 |
| Phenothrin-trans | 16.073 | 123.1 | 41.1 | 24 |
| Phenothrin-trans | 16.073 | 123.1 | 79.1 | 14 |
| Phenothrin-trans | 16.073 | 123.1 | 81.1 | 8 |
| Phosalone | 16.193 | 121.1 | 65 | 10 |
| Phosalone | 16.193 | 182 | 74.8 | 30 |
| Phosalone | 16.193 | 182 | 111 | 14 |
| Leptophos | 16.234 | 171 | 51 | 38 |
| Leptophos | 16.234 | 171 | 77.1 | 18 |
| Leptophos | 16.234 | 171 | 124.3 | 10 |
| Azinphos-methyl | 16.277 | 132 | 77 | 12 |
| Azinphos-methyl | 16.277 | 160 | 50.9 | 34 |
| Azinphos-methyl | 16.277 | 160 | 77 | 16 |
| Pyriproxyfen | 16.385 | 136.1 | 78 | 20 |
| Pyriproxyfen | 16.385 | 136.1 | 96 | 10 |
| Pyriproxyfen | 16.385 | 226.1 | 186.1 | 12 |
| Cyhalothrin I (lambda) | 16.597 | 180.9 | 152 | 22 |
| Cyhalothrin I (lambda) | 16.597 | 197.1 | 141.1 | 10 |
| Cyhalothrin I (lambda) | 16.597 | 207.9 | 180.9 | 8 |
| Mirex | 16.798 | 236.8 | 142.9 | 24 |
| Mirex | 16.798 | 273.8 | 238.8 | 14 |
| Mirex | 16.798 | 272 | 236.8 | 14 |
| Acrinathrin | 16.82 | 181 | 152 | 22 |
| Acrinathrin | 16.82 | 208.1 | 180.9 | 8 |
| Acrinathrin | 16.82 | 289 | 93.1 | 8 |
| Pyrazophos | 16.849 | 221 | 148.7 | 14 |
| Pyrazophos | 16.849 | 221 | 193.1 | 8 |
| Pyrazophos | 16.849 | 231.9 | 204.1 | 10 |
| Fenarimol | 16.895 | 139 | 74.9 | 26 |
| Fenarimol | 16.895 | 139 | 111 | 12 |
| Fenarimol | 16.895 | 219 | 107 | 10 |
| Azinphos-ethyl | 17.042 | 132 | 51 | 26 |
| Azinphos-ethyl | 17.042 | 132 | 77 | 12 |
| Azinphos-ethyl | 17.042 | 160 | 77 | 16 |
| Pyraclofos | 17.231 | 139.2 | 96.9 | 6 |
| Pyraclofos | 17.231 | 194 | 138 | 18 |
| Pyraclofos | 17.231 | 360 | 194.1 | 12 |
| Trans-Permethrin-Phenoxy-d5 1 | 17.686 | 163 | 127.1 | 10 |
| Trans-Permethrin-Phenoxy-d5 1 | 17.686 | 188.1 | 160.2 | 10 |
| Trans-Permethrin-Phenoxy-d5 1 | 17.686 | 188.1 | 172.2 | 15 |
| Permethrin I | 17.698 | 183 | 165.1 | 10 |
| Permethrin I | 17.698 | 183 | 168.1 | 10 |
| Permethrin I | 17.698 | 183.1 | 153 | 8 |
| Trans-Permethrin-Phenoxy-d5 2 | 17.866 | 163 | 127.1 | 10 |
| Trans-Permethrin-Phenoxy-d5 2 | 17.866 | 188.1 | 160.2 | 10 |
| Trans-Permethrin-Phenoxy-d5 2 | 17.866 | 188.1 | 172.2 | 15 |
| Permethrin II | 17.874 | 183 | 165.1 | 10 |
| Permethrin II | 17.874 | 183 | 168.1 | 10 |
| Permethrin II | 17.874 | 183.1 | 153 | 8 |
| Coumaphos | 17.882 | 362 | 99 | 10 |
| Coumaphos | 17.882 | 362 | 226 | 25 |
| Coumaphos | 17.882 | 209.9 | 182 | 10 |
| Fluquinconazole | 17.896 | 340 | 108.1 | 36 |
| Fluquinconazole | 17.896 | 340 | 298 | 16 |
| Fluquinconazole | 17.896 | 340 | 313 | 14 |
| Pyridaben | 17.914 | 147.1 | 117.1 | 20 |
| Pyridaben | 17.914 | 147.1 | 119.1 | 8 |
| Pyridaben | 17.914 | 147.1 | 132.1 | 12 |
| Prochloraz | 17.996 | 180.1 | 69.1 | 15 |
| Prochloraz | 17.996 | 180.1 | 138.1 | 12 |
| Prochloraz | 17.996 | 308 | 70 | 12 |
| Cyfluthrin I | 18.475 | 199.1 | 170.1 | 20 |
| Cyfluthrin I | 18.475 | 206.1 | 151.1 | 20 |
| Cyfluthrin I | 18.475 | 226 | 206.1 | 10 |
| Cyfluthrin I | 18.475 | 163 | 127.1 | 6 |
| Cyfluthrin II | 18.624 | 163 | 127.1 | 6 |
| Cyfluthrin II | 18.624 | 199.1 | 170.1 | 20 |
| Cyfluthrin II | 18.624 | 206.1 | 151.1 | 20 |
| Cyfluthrin II | 18.624 | 226 | 206.1 | 10 |
| Cyfluthrin III | 18.705 | 163 | 127.1 | 6 |
| Cyfluthrin III | 18.705 | 199.1 | 170.1 | 20 |
| Cyfluthrin III | 18.705 | 206.1 | 151.1 | 20 |
| Cyfluthrin III | 18.705 | 226 | 206.1 | 10 |
| Cyfluthrin IV | 18.791 | 163 | 127.1 | 6 |
| Cyfluthrin IV | 18.791 | 199.1 | 170.1 | 20 |
| Cyfluthrin IV | 18.791 | 206.1 | 151.1 | 20 |
| Cyfluthrin IV | 18.791 | 226 | 206.1 | 10 |
| Cypermethrin I | 18.958 | 163 | 127.1 | 6 |
| Cypermethrin I | 18.958 | 165 | 127.1 | 10 |
| Cypermethrin I | 18.958 | 165 | 129.1 | 10 |
| Cypermethrin II | 19.121 | 163 | 127.1 | 6 |
| Cypermethrin II | 19.121 | 165 | 127.1 | 10 |
| Cypermethrin II | 19.121 | 165 | 129.1 | 10 |
| Cypermethrin III | 19.21 | 163 | 127.1 | 6 |
| Cypermethrin III | 19.21 | 165 | 127.1 | 10 |
| Cypermethrin III | 19.21 | 165 | 129.1 | 10 |
| Flucythrinate peak 1 | 19.215 | 157 | 107.1 | 12 |
| Flucythrinate peak 1 | 19.215 | 199.1 | 107.1 | 22 |
| Flucythrinate peak 1 | 19.215 | 199.1 | 157.1 | 8 |
| Cypermethrin IV | 19.271 | 163 | 127.1 | 6 |
| Cypermethrin IV | 19.271 | 165 | 127.1 | 10 |
| Cypermethrin IV | 19.271 | 165 | 129.1 | 10 |
| Etofenprox | 19.459 | 163.1 | 77.1 | 32 |
| Etofenprox | 19.459 | 163.1 | 107.1 | 10 |
| Etofenprox | 19.459 | 163.1 | 135.1 | 6 |
| Acequinocyl (degradant) | 19.467 | 188.1 | 131.1 | 20 |
| Acequinocyl (degradant) | 19.467 | 189.1 | 115.1 | 20 |
| Acequinocyl (degradant) | 19.467 | 342.2 | 160.1 | 22 |
| Flucythrinate peak 2 | 19.53 | 157 | 107.1 | 12 |
| Flucythrinate peak 2 | 19.53 | 199.1 | 107.1 | 22 |
| Flucythrinate peak 2 | 19.53 | 199.1 | 157.1 | 8 |
| Perylene-d12 | 19.82 | 132.2 | 118.1 | 12 |
| Perylene-d12 | 19.82 | 260.1 | 256.1 | 34 |
| Perylene-d12 | 19.82 | 264.2 | 260.1 | 36 |
| Fluridone | 19.875 | 328.1 | 189.1 | 38 |
| Fluridone | 19.875 | 328.1 | 258.8 | 24 |
| Fluridone | 19.875 | 329.1 | 328.5 | 12 |
| Fenvalerate 1 | 20.311 | 125 | 89 | 14 |
| Fenvalerate 1 | 20.311 | 167 | 89 | 32 |
| Fenvalerate 1 | 20.311 | 167 | 125 | 10 |
| Fluvalinate peak 1 | 20.506 | 180.8 | 152.1 | 22 |
| Fluvalinate peak 1 | 20.506 | 250 | 55.1 | 16 |
| Fluvalinate peak 1 | 20.506 | 250 | 199.9 | 18 |
| Fluvalinate peak 2 | 20.617 | 180.8 | 152.1 | 22 |
| Fluvalinate peak 2 | 20.617 | 250 | 55.1 | 16 |
| Fluvalinate peak 2 | 20.617 | 250 | 199.9 | 18 |
| Fenvalerate 2 | 20.626 | 125 | 89 | 14 |
| Fenvalerate 2 | 20.626 | 167 | 89 | 32 |
| Fenvalerate 2 | 20.626 | 167 | 125 | 10 |
| Deltamethrin | 21.377 | 252.8 | 172 | 8 |
| Deltamethrin | 21.377 | 181 | 152.1 | 20 |
| Deltamethrin | 21.377 | 252.8 | 92.9 | 16 |
<br>Products Mentioned
Authors
