{"id":73559,"date":"2025-12-30T18:31:57","date_gmt":"2025-12-30T18:31:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/?p=73559"},"modified":"2026-04-06T15:42:55","modified_gmt":"2026-04-06T15:42:55","slug":"incorporating-ultrashort-chain-pfas-into-comprehensive-pfas-analysis-in-liquid-milks","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/fr\/anwendungshinweise\/fsan5396\/incorporating-ultrashort-chain-pfas-into-comprehensive-pfas-analysis-in-liquid-milks","title":{"rendered":"Incorporating Ultrashort-Chain PFAS into Comprehensive PFAS Analysis in Liquid Milks"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Key Highlights<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Simple, streamlined sample preparation protocol minimizes contamination and maximizes recovery.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Inert column hardware packed with a unique polar-embedded stationary phase and established method conditions provide accurate, precise results for the simultaneous analysis of ultrashort-chain, short-chain, long-chain, and alternative PFAS.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Proven suitable for comprehensive assessment of PFAS contamination across a diverse range of liquid milk samples.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Abstract<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Incorporating ultrashort-chain PFAS into methods that also include short-chain, long-chain, and alternative PFAS is essential for gaining a comprehensive assessment of PFAS contamination. The sample preparation and LC-MS\/MS workflow established here provides an effective approach for quantitative monitoring of a diverse panel of PFAS, including ultrashort-chain analytes, in a wide range of milk matrices. The method was assessed based on linearity, accuracy, and precision parameters and then applied to real-world samples of various dairy milks, plant-based milks, and infant formula.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Introduction<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ultrashort-chain (USC) per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are highly polar compounds with carbon chains shorter than C4 (Figure 1), and they are ubiquitous in aquatic environments. Their widespread occurrence has raised growing concerns about potential contamination in food products, particularly in ready-to-feed liquid milk products, which are widely consumed by infants and children. While effective methods exist for analyzing longer-chain PFAS in milk samples [1], to fully assess PFAS contamination, it is critical to include ultrashort-chain compounds.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Analyzing PFAS in milk poses unique challenges due to the complexity of the matrix, which contains proteins, fats, and other components that can interfere with detection. Ultrashort-chain PFAS and other shorter-chain compounds are particularly difficult to analyze as traditional multistep sample preparation methods can either contribute background PFAS contamination or lead to low recovery of the target analytes. In this study, a sample preparation procedure involving protein precipitation, extract dry-down, and reconstitution was developed and optimized for effective extraction and quantification of all analytes. In addition to sample preparation challenges, the high polarity of ultrashort-chain PFAS poses a significant difficulty for standard chromatographic practices in PFAS analysis, primarily due to insufficient chromatographic retention. The method developed here uses an inert-coated, polar-embedded, reversed-phase LC column to improve retention and sensitivity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The combined sample preparation procedure and chromatographic method created a simple, reliable workflow for the simultaneous analysis of C1 to C14 perfluoroalkyl carboxylic and sulfonic acids, along with other PFAS classes, in various liquid milk matrices. Method verification was conducted using three different milk types (dairy milk, plant-based milk, and infant formula) to establish the workflow\u2019s suitability for detecting 41 PFAS. In addition, the method was tested across a wide range of real-world milk samples, demonstrating its effectiveness in comprehensive profiling of PFAS contamination across diverse milk matrices.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-custom-chromatogram-article-top\"><div class=\"chromatogram-article-placeholder\"><div class=\"figure-heading\"><strong>Figure 1:<\/strong> Structures of Ultrashort-Chain PFAS (C1 to C3)<\/div><div class='chromatogram-article-inner-full'><div class=\"chromatogram-article-inner\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1340\" height=\"950\" src=\"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/figure-FSAN5396-01.jpg\" alt=\"PFAS chemical structures\" class=\"wp-image-73756\" style=\"width:700px\" title=\"-\" srcset=\"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/figure-FSAN5396-01.jpg 1340w, https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/figure-FSAN5396-01-300x213.jpg 300w, https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/figure-FSAN5396-01-1024x726.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/figure-FSAN5396-01-768x544.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1340px) 100vw, 1340px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Experimental<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Evaluation of Background Contamination of Ultrashort-Chain PFAS<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Given the widespread presence of ultrashort-chain PFAS in aquatic systems, ensuring the cleanliness of laboratory reagents and materials is crucial for accurate analysis. In particular, background contamination of TFA is a major concern as it can be present in solvents, reagents, and commonly used laboratory materials. Through extensive testing, the cleanest sources of water, acetonitrile, and methanol were identified for this study. Notably, significant variations in TFA detection signals were observed with different water sources used for the aqueous mobile phase, leading to the selection of ultrapure deionized water to ensure optimal sensitivity. Likewise, various pipette tips, HPLC vials, and centrifuge tubes used for standard and sample preparation were evaluated for contamination, allowing selection of the cleanest materials to maintain the integrity of our results.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Standard and Sample Preparation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Calibration standard solutions (500 \u00b5L) were prepared in polypropylene HPLC vials using a 1:1 mixture of reverse osmosis water and acetonitrile with concentrations ranging from 4 to 2500 ng\/L. Eighteen mass-labeled PFAS were used as quantitative internal standards (QIS)(Table I). A 2.5 \u00b5L aliquot of QIS working solution, containing 10 ng\/mL of each isotope, was added to each standard solution. The milk samples (0.5 g) were weighed into 15 mL polypropylene centrifuge tubes, spiked with 2.5 \u00b5L of 10 ng\/mL QIS working solution, thoroughly mixed, and extracted with 1.5 mL of acetonitrile by vortexing for 2 minutes. The mixture was then centrifuged at 4000 rpm, and then the supernatant was transferred to a new 15 mL tube and dried under a gentle nitrogen stream in a 50 \u00b0C water bath. The dried residue was reconstituted with 0.5 mL of a 1:1 water:acetonitrile diluent, vortexed for 2 minutes, and centrifuged again at 4000 rpm. The final supernatant was transferred to polypropylene HPLC vials for LC-MS\/MS analysis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Evaluation of Method Accuracy and Precision<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>To demonstrate that the developed workflow can be applied to various milk matrices, three types of ready-to-feed milk samples\u2014dairy whole milk, almond milk, and infant formula\u2014were used to evaluate method accuracy and precision. Almond milk was selected to represent the plant-based milk due to its widespread consumption. These milk samples were fortified with native analytes at concentrations of 0.010, 0.025, 0.050, 0.10, and 0.25 \u00b5g\/kg along with isotopically labeled <sup>13<\/sup>C-TFA, which served as a surrogate for TFA recovery determination. These concentrations correspond to 10, 25, 50, 100, and 250 ng\/L in the final sample solution following the sample preparation procedure described above. Incurred PFAS were detected in all three milk samples, and their concentrations were subtracted from the calculated concentrations of fortified samples to determine the recovery. Table I illustrates the pairing of QIS with various analytes for quantification. Due to differential matrix effects, some analytes in almond milk required alternative QIS for more accurate quantification.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Analytical Conditions<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In this approach for incorporating ultrashort-chain PFAS and related compounds into a single method, analysis was performed by LC-MS\/MS using a Waters ACQUITY UPLC I-Class liquid chromatograph and Xevo TQ-S triple quadrupole mass spectrometer under the conditions shown below. Ion transitions, MS settings, and the internal standard used to quantify each PFAS are given in Table I. &nbsp;An Ultra IBD column (150 \u00d7 2.1 mm, 3.0 \u00b5m) was employed as the delay column to more effectively remove background contamination originating from the instrument and mobile phases. Although a standard C18 PFAS delay column is typically adequate, it did not provide acceptable separation between background contaminants and target analytes when coupled with the Ultra IBD Inert analytical column.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Columns:<\/strong><br> &#8211; Analytical column: Ultra IBD Inert, 3.0 \u00b5m, 100 x 2.1 mm (cat.# 9175312-T)<br> &#8211; Delay column: Ultra IBD, 3.0 \u00b5m, 150 x 2.1 mm (cat.# 9175362)<br><strong>Injection volume:<\/strong> 5 \u00b5L<br><strong>Mobile phase A:<\/strong> 5 mM ammonium formate, 0.1% formic acid in water<br><strong>Mobile phase B:<\/strong> Acetonitrile<br><strong>Flow rate:<\/strong> 0.4 mL\/min<br><strong>Temperature:<\/strong> 40 \u00b0C<br><strong>Gradient:<\/strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;<br><strong>Time (min)<\/strong> %<strong>B<\/strong><br> 0.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 45<br> 7.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 95<br> 11.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 95<br> 11.01&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 45<br> 13.00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 45<br><strong>Ion mode:<\/strong> Negative ESI<br><strong>Mode:<\/strong> Scheduled MRM<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Table I:<\/strong> MS\/MS Parameters and Internal Standards<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><th>Compounds<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Retention Time (min)<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Precursor Ion<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Product Ions<sup>a<\/sup><\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Cone (V)<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Collision (V)<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">QIS<\/th><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"7\"><strong><em>Target Analytes <\/em><\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"7\"><strong>Perfluoroalkyl Carboxylic Acids <\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tTrifluoroacetic acid (TFA)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t1.60\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t113.03 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t69.01\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t10\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t10\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>2<\/sub>-TFA <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPerfluoropropanoic acid (PFPrA) \n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t2.21\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t162.97 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t119.02\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t10\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t8\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>3<\/sub>-PFPrA <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPerfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t2.86\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t213.03 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t168.98\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t14\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t8\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>4<\/sub>-PFBA <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPerfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t3.64\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t262.97 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t218.97\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t2\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t6\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>5<\/sub>-PFPeA <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPerfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t4.41\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t313.10 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t268.97\/118.99\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t2\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t8\/20\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>5<\/sub>-PFHxA <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPerfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t5.15\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t363.16 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t319.09\/169.06\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t8\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t10\/18\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>4<\/sub>-PFHpA <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPerfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t5.84\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t413.10 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t368.96\/168.90\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t2\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t10\/16\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>8<\/sub>-PFOA <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPerfluorononanoic acid (PFNA)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t6.48\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t463.10 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t419.01\/219.02\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t4\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t10\/16\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>9<\/sub>PFNA <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPerfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t7.08\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t513.17 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t469.16\/219.06\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t4\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t12\/16\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>6<\/sub>-PFDA <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPerfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnA)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t7.65\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t563.23 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t519.24\/269.07\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t6\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t12\/18\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>7<\/sub>-PFUnA <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPerfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoA)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t8.26\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t613.23 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t569.19\/169.06\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t8\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t12\/26\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>2<\/sub>-PFDoA <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPerfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTrDA)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t8.94\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t663.23 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t619.21\/169.06\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t8\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t14\/28\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>2<\/sub>-PFTeDA <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPerfluorotetradecanoic acid (PFTeDA)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t9.75\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t712.67 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t668.69\/168.94\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t10\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t12\/26\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>2<\/sub>-PFTeDA <\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"7\"><strong>Perfluoroalkyl Sulfonic Acids<\/strong> <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tTrifluoromethanesulfonic acid (TFMS)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t1.98\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t148.97 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t79.93\/98.92\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t62\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t18\/18\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>3<\/sub>-PFBS <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPerfluoroethanesulfonic acid (PFEtS)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t2.62\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t198.90 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t79.92\/98.91\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t38\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t22\/22\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>4<\/sub>-PFBA <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPerfluoropropanesulfonic acid (PFPrS)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t3.30\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t248.97 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t79.92\/98.91\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t2\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t24\/24\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>5<\/sub>-PFPeA <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPerfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t3.96\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t298.97 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t79.97\/98.89\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t2\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t26\/26\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>3<\/sub>-PFBS <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPerfluoropentanesulfonic acid (PFPeS)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t4.59\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t349.10 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t79.98\/98.98\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t6\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t32\/30\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>5<\/sub>-PFHxA \/ <sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>8<\/sub>-PFOSb <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPerfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t5.17\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t398.90 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t79.97\/98.89\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t56\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t32\/34\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>3<\/sub>-PFHxS <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPerfluoroheptanesulfonic acid (PFHpS)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t5.70\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t449.17 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t79.98\/98.97\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t4\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t42\/38\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>8<\/sub>-PFOA <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPerfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t6.19\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t499.03 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t79.92\/98.90\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t8\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t40\/40\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>8<\/sub>-PFOS <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPerfluorononanesulfonic acid (PFNS)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t6.65\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t549.10 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t79.92\/98.83\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t12\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t42\/40\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>8<\/sub>-PFOS <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPerfluorodecanesulfonic acid (PFDS)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t7.06\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t599.17 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t79.98\/98.83\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t8\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t44\/46\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>8<\/sub>-PFOS \/ <sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>2<\/sub>-PFDoAb <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPerfluoroundecanesulfonic acid (PFUdS)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t7.43\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t648.73 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t79.94\/98.94\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t38\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t50\/44\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>8<\/sub>-PFOS \/ <sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>2<\/sub>-PFDoAb <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPerfluorododecanesulfonic acid (PFDoS)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t7.77\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t698.77 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t79.95\/98.94\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t10\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t60\/44\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>8<\/sub>-PFOS \/ <sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>2<\/sub>-PFDoAb <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPerfluorotridecanesulfonic acid (PFTrDS)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t8.08\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t748.73 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t79.94\/98.94\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t8\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t76\/52\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>8<\/sub>-PFOS \/ <sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>2<\/sub>-PFDoAb <\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"7\"><strong>Fluorotelomer Sulfonic Acids <\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\t1H,1H,2H,2H-Perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (4:2 FTS)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t3.92\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t327.10 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t307.08\/80.83\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t50\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t18\/24\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>4<\/sub>-PFBA \/ <sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>5<\/sub>-PFHxAb <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\t1H,1H,2H,2H-Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (6:2 FTS)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t5.57\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t427.17 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t407.18\/80.71\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t2\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t22\/32\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>8<\/sub>-PFOA <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\t1H,1H,2H,2H-Perfluorodecane sulfonic acid (8:2 FTS)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t7.07\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t527.17 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t507.16\/80.83\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t66\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t26\/32\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>3<\/sub>-PFHxS \/ d5-NEtFOSAAb <\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"7\"><strong>Perfluoroalkyl Sulfonamides <\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPerfluorooctanesulfonamide (FOSA)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t4.01\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t498.17 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t77.97\/477.76\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t8\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t28\/26\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>8<\/sub>-FOSA <\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"7\"><strong>Perfluoroalkyl Sulfonamidoacetic Acids <\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tN-methyl perfluorooctanesulfonamidoacetic acid (NMeFOSAA)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t6.40\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t570.20 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t419.17\/483.16\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t46\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t20\/14\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\td3-NMeFOSAA\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tN-ethyl perfluorooctanesulfonamidoacetic acid (NEtFOSAA)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t6.52\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t584.20 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t419.18\/483.11\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t6\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t20\/16\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\td5-NEtFOSAA\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"7\"><strong>Per- and Polyfluoroether Carboxylic Acids<\/strong> <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPerfluoro-3-methoxypropanoic acid (PFMPA)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t3.05\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t228.93 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t84.97\/198.94\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t10\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t10\/14\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>4<\/sub>-PFBA <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPerfluoro-4-methoxybutanoic acid (PFMBA)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t3.76\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t278.87 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t84.96\/234.93\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t8\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t10\/6\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>5<\/sub>-PFPeA <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tHexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t4.37\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t285.03 [M-COOH]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t169.02\/185.02\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t2\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t6\/16\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>5<\/sub>-PFHxA <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\t4,8-Dioxa-3H-perfluorononanoic acid (ADONA)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t4.71\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t376.90 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t250.93\/84.97\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t22\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t12\/26\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>4<\/sub>-PFHpA <\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"7\"><strong>Per- and Polyfluoroether Sulfonic Acids <\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPerfluoro(2-ethoxyethane)sulfonic acid (PFEESA)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t4.09\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t314.83 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t134.94\/83.01\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t4\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t22\/16\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>3<\/sub>-PFBS <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\t9-Chlorohexadecafluoro-3-oxanonane-1-sulfonic acid (9Cl-PF3ONS)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t6.20\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t530.78 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t350.85\/82.96\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t12\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t26\/24\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>8<\/sub>-PFOA <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\t11-Chloroeicosafluoro-3-oxaundecane-1-sulfonic acid (11Cl-PF3OUdS)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t6.92\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t630.78 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t450.80\/82.95\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t8\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t26\/32\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>8<\/sub>-PFOS <\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"7\"><strong>Capstone Surfactants <\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tCapstone A\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.95\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t527.08 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t507.02\/181.06\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t2\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t10\/12\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>2<\/sub>-TFA \/ <sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>3<\/sub>-PFPrAb <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tCapstone B\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t1.90\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t569.07 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t549.01\/445.96\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t32\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t12\/16\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>3<\/sub>-PFPrA <\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"7\"><strong><em>Quantification Internal Standards <\/em><\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>2<\/sub>-TFA <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t2.69\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t114.90 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t69.95\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t14\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t8\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>3<\/sub>-PFPrA <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t2.69\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t165.97 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t120.96\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t10\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t11\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>4<\/sub>-PFBA <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t3.27\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t217.03 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t171.98\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t2\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t8\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>5<\/sub>-PFPeA <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t3.94\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t267.97 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t222.99\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t2\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t6\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>5<\/sub>-PFHxA <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t4.59\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t318.03 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t272.93\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t2\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t7\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>4<\/sub>-PFHpA <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t5.24\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t366.90 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t321.93\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t2\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t10\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>8<\/sub>-PFOA <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t5.86\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t420.97 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t375.94\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t2\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t10\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>9<\/sub>PFNA <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t5.86\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t471.97 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t426.87\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t4\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t12\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>6<\/sub>-PFDA <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t7.03\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t518.90 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t473.87\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t4\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t13\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>7<\/sub>-PFUnA <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t7.60\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t569.90 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t524.87\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t2\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t12\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>2<\/sub>-PFDoA <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t8.23\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t614.84 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t569.87\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t2\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t12\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>2<\/sub>-PFTeDA <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t9.83\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t714.78 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t669.80\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t8\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t14\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>3<\/sub>-PFBS <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t3.97\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t301.97 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t79.97\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t2\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t28\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>3<\/sub>-PFHxS <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t5.01\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t401.90 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t79.97\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t2\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t36\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>8<\/sub>-PFOS <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t5.96\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t506.84 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t79.97\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t4\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t42\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><sup>13<\/sup>C<sub>8<\/sub>-FOSA <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t3.36\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t505.91 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t77.95\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t4\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t32\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\td3-NMeFOSAA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t6.44\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t572.90 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t418.91\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t50\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t18\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\td5-NEtFOSAA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t6.56\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t588.97 [M-H]-\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t418.86\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t48\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t20\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"7\"><sup>a<\/sup>Quantifier ion\/qualifier ion<br><sup>b<\/sup>Used for quantification in almond milk<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Results and Discussion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chromatographic Performance<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Analytical methods were previously developed for incorporating ultrashort-chain PFAS into comprehensive methods for testing PFAS in various water matrices [2] and human blood [3]. These methods utilized a polar-embedded alkyl Ultra IBD stationary phase to ensure adequate retention of highly polar ultrashort-chain PFAS. Additionally, it was demonstrated that an inert-coated Ultra IBD column could significantly enhance detection sensitivity for the majority of PFAS compounds [2] because it is made with hardware treated with an inert coating that prevents any unwanted analyte interactions with the stainless-steel surface of the column. The current study also applied a similar chromatographic methodology for PFAS analysis in milk samples. However, due to stronger matrix interference compared to water matrices, the injection volume was limited to 5 \u00b5L to maintain optimal chromatographic peak shapes for early-eluting compounds.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Figure 2 shows a typical chromatogram for the analysis of a fortified milk sample. In addition to the 28 PFAS compounds assessed under EURL guidance [4], this analysis was expanded to 41 analytes by incorporating ultrashort-chain PFAS, fluorotelomer sulfonic acids, and a broader range of alternative PFAS compounds. The EURL guidance notes that bile acids, such as tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA); taurochenodeoxycholic acid (TCDCA); and taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA) can be present at high concentrations in milk samples and may interfere with PFOS quantification due to their shared mass transitions. Our tests confirmed that TUDCA, TCDCA, and TDCA all had distinct retention times from PFOS, ensuring they will not influence the accuracy of PFOS results (Figure 3). Furthermore, these bile acids displayed significantly lower detection sensitivity (~100-fold lower) than PFOS and were not detected in the final milk sample solutions analyzed in this study. <\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-custom-chromatogram-article-top\"><div class=\"chromatogram-article-placeholder\"><div class=\"figure-heading\"><strong>Figure 2:<\/strong> Analysis of a 0.1 \u00b5g\/kg Fortified Whole Milk Sample<\/div><div class='chromatogram-article-inner-full'><div class=\"chromatogram-article-inner\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-custom-chromatogram-article\"><div class=\"wp-block-custom-chromatogram-article\"><div class=\"chromatogram-image regular-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/images\/cgram\/lc_fs0563.png\" alt=\"Integrating Ultrashort-Chain Compounds into Comprehensive PFAS Analysis in Liquid Milk\" title=\"-\"><\/div><p class=\"article-id\" style=\"text-align:center\"> LC_FS0563<\/p><div class=\"chromatogram-peaks\"><h4>Peaks<\/h4><table class=\"peaks col-lg-6 col-12 peak-50\">\n<thead><tr><th><\/th><th style=\"text-align: left;width: 75px\">Peaks<\/th><th style=\"text-align: center;width: 75px\">t<sub>R<\/sub> (min)<\/th><th style=\"text-align: center;width: 75px\">Precursor Ion<\/th><th style=\"text-align: center;width: 75px\">Quantification Ion<\/th><th style=\"text-align: center;width: 75px\">Confirmation Ion<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n<tbody><tr><td class=\"num\">1.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Capstone A\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/80475-32-7\/Capstone A\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Capstone A<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">0.95<\/td><td class=\"oth\">527.08<\/td><td class=\"oth\">507.02<\/td><td class=\"oth\">181.06<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">2.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/76-05-1\/Trifluoroacetic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">1.60<\/td><td class=\"oth\">113.03<\/td><td class=\"oth\">69.01<\/td><td class=\"oth\"><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">3.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\">13C-Trifluoroacetic acid (13C-TFA)<\/td><td class=\"oth\">1.60<\/td><td class=\"oth\">114.03<\/td><td class=\"oth\">69.03<\/td><td class=\"oth\"><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">4.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Capstone B \" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/34455-29-3\/Capstone B \" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Capstone B <\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">1.90<\/td><td class=\"oth\">569.07<\/td><td class=\"oth\">549.01<\/td><td class=\"oth\">445.96<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">5.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\">Trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (TFMS)<\/td><td class=\"oth\">1.98<\/td><td class=\"oth\">148.97<\/td><td class=\"oth\">79.93<\/td><td class=\"oth\">98.92<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">6.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\">Perfluoropropanoic acid (PFPrA)<\/td><td class=\"oth\">2.21<\/td><td class=\"oth\">162.97<\/td><td class=\"oth\">119.02<\/td><td class=\"oth\"><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">7.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\">Perfluoroethanesulfonic acid (PFEtS)<\/td><td class=\"oth\">2.62<\/td><td class=\"oth\">198.90<\/td><td class=\"oth\">79.92<\/td><td class=\"oth\">98.91<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">8.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Perfluoro-3-methoxypropanoic acid (PFMPA)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/377-73-1\/Perfluoro-3-methoxypropanoic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Perfluoro-3-methoxypropanoic acid (PFMPA)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">3.05<\/td><td class=\"oth\">228.93<\/td><td class=\"oth\">84.97<\/td><td class=\"oth\">198.94<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">9.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\">Perfluoropropanesulfonic acid (PFPrS)<\/td><td class=\"oth\">3.30<\/td><td class=\"oth\">248.97<\/td><td class=\"oth\">79.92<\/td><td class=\"oth\">98.91<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">10.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/2706-90-3\/Perfluoropentanoic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">3.64<\/td><td class=\"oth\">262.97<\/td><td class=\"oth\">218.97<\/td><td class=\"oth\"><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">11.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\">Perfluoro-4-methoxybutanoic acid (PFMBA)<\/td><td class=\"oth\">3.76<\/td><td class=\"oth\">278.87<\/td><td class=\"oth\">84.96<\/td><td class=\"oth\">234.93<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">12.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 1H,1H,2H,2H-Perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (4:2 FTS)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/757124-72-4\/1H,1H,2H,2H-Perfluorohexane sulfonic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1H,1H,2H,2H-Perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (4:2 FTS)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">3.92<\/td><td class=\"oth\">327.10<\/td><td class=\"oth\">307.08<\/td><td class=\"oth\">80.83<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">13.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/375-73-5\/Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">3.96<\/td><td class=\"oth\">298.97<\/td><td class=\"oth\">79.97<\/td><td class=\"oth\">98.89<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">14.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\">Perfluorooctanesulfonamide (FOSA)<\/td><td class=\"oth\">4.01<\/td><td class=\"oth\">498.17<\/td><td class=\"oth\">77.97<\/td><td class=\"oth\">477.76<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">15.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Perfluoro(2-ethoxyethane)sulfonic acid (PFEESA)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/113507-82-7\/Perfluoro(2-ethoxyethane)sulfonic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Perfluoro(2-ethoxyethane)sulfonic acid (PFEESA)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">4.09<\/td><td class=\"oth\">314.83<\/td><td class=\"oth\">134.94<\/td><td class=\"oth\">83.01<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">16.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/13252-13-6\/Hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">4.37<\/td><td class=\"oth\">285.03<\/td><td class=\"oth\">169.02<\/td><td class=\"oth\">185.02<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">17.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/307-24-4\/Perfluorohexanoic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">4.41<\/td><td class=\"oth\">313.10<\/td><td class=\"oth\">268.97<\/td><td class=\"oth\">118.99<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">18.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Perfluoropentanesulfonic acid (PFPeS)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/2706-91-4\/Perfluoropentanesulfonic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Perfluoropentanesulfonic acid (PFPeS)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">4.59<\/td><td class=\"oth\">349.10<\/td><td class=\"oth\">79.98<\/td><td class=\"oth\">98.98<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">19.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 4,8-Dioxa-3H-perfluorononanoic acid (ADONA)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/919005-14-4\/4,8-Dioxa-3H-perfluorononanoic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">4,8-Dioxa-3H-perfluorononanoic acid (ADONA)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">4.71<\/td><td class=\"oth\">376.90<\/td><td class=\"oth\">250.93<\/td><td class=\"oth\">84.97<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">20.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/375-85-9\/Perfluoroheptanoic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">5.15<\/td><td class=\"oth\">363.16<\/td><td class=\"oth\">319.09<\/td><td class=\"oth\">169.06<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody><\/table>\n<table class=\"peaks col-lg-6 col-12 peak-50\"><thead><tr><th><\/th><th style=\"text-align: left;width: 75px\">Peaks<\/th><th style=\"text-align: center;width: 75px\">t<sub>R<\/sub> (min)<\/th><th style=\"text-align: center;width: 75px\">Precursor Ion<\/th><th style=\"text-align: center;width: 75px\">Quantification Ion<\/th><th style=\"text-align: center;width: 75px\">Confirmation Ion<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">21.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/355-46-4\/Perfluorohexanesulfonic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">5.17<\/td><td class=\"oth\">398.90<\/td><td class=\"oth\">79.97<\/td><td class=\"oth\">98.89<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">22.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 1H,1H,2H,2H-Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (6:2 FTS)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/27619-97-2\/1H,1H,2H,2H-Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1H,1H,2H,2H-Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (6:2 FTS)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">5.57<\/td><td class=\"oth\">427.17<\/td><td class=\"oth\">407.18<\/td><td class=\"oth\">80.71<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">23.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Perfluoroheptanesulfonic acid (PFHpS)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/375-92-8\/Perfluoroheptanesulfonic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Perfluoroheptanesulfonic acid (PFHpS)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">5.70<\/td><td class=\"oth\">449.17<\/td><td class=\"oth\">79.98<\/td><td class=\"oth\">98.97<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">24.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/335-67-1\/Perfluorooctanoic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">5.84<\/td><td class=\"oth\">413.10<\/td><td class=\"oth\">368.96<\/td><td class=\"oth\">168.90<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">25.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/1763-23-1\/Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">6.19<\/td><td class=\"oth\">499.03<\/td><td class=\"oth\">79.92<\/td><td class=\"oth\">98.90<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">26.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 9-Chlorohexadecafluoro-3-oxanonane-1-sulfonic acid (9Cl-PF3ONS)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/756426-58-1\/9-Chlorohexadecafluoro-3-oxanonane-1-sulfonic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">9-Chlorohexadecafluoro-3-oxanonane-1-sulfonic acid (9Cl-PF3ONS)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">6.20<\/td><td class=\"oth\">530.78<\/td><td class=\"oth\">350.85<\/td><td class=\"oth\">82.96<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">27.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for N-methyl perfluorooctanesulfonamidoacetic acid (NMeFOSAA)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/2355-31-9\/N-methyl perfluorooctanesulfonamidoacetic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">N-methyl perfluorooctanesulfonamidoacetic acid (NMeFOSAA)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">6.40<\/td><td class=\"oth\">570.20<\/td><td class=\"oth\">419.17<\/td><td class=\"oth\">483.16<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">28.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/375-95-1\/Perfluorononanoic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">6.48<\/td><td class=\"oth\">463.10<\/td><td class=\"oth\">419.01<\/td><td class=\"oth\">219.02<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">29.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for N-ethyl perfluorooctanesulfonamidoacetic acid (NEtFOSAA)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/2991-50-6\/N-ethyl perfluorooctanesulfonamidoacetic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">N-ethyl perfluorooctanesulfonamidoacetic acid (NEtFOSAA)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">6.52<\/td><td class=\"oth\">584.20<\/td><td class=\"oth\">419.18<\/td><td class=\"oth\">483.11<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">30.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Perfluorononanesulfonic acid (PFNS)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/68259-12-1\/Perfluorononanesulfonic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Perfluorononanesulfonic acid (PFNS)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">6.65<\/td><td class=\"oth\">549.10<\/td><td class=\"oth\">79.92<\/td><td class=\"oth\">98.83<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">31.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 11-Chloroeicosafluoro-3-oxaundecane-1-sulfonic acid (11Cl-PF3OUdS)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/763051-92-9\/11-Chloroeicosafluoro-3-oxaundecane-1-sulfonic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">11-Chloroeicosafluoro-3-oxaundecane-1-sulfonic acid (11Cl-PF3OUdS)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">6.92<\/td><td class=\"oth\">630.78<\/td><td class=\"oth\">450.80<\/td><td class=\"oth\">82.95<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">32.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Perfluorodecanesulfonic acid (PFDS)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/335-77-3\/Perfluorodecanesulfonic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Perfluorodecanesulfonic acid (PFDS)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">7.06<\/td><td class=\"oth\">599.17<\/td><td class=\"oth\">79.98<\/td><td class=\"oth\">98.83<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">33.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 1H,1H,2H,2H-Perfluorodecane sulfonic acid (8:2 FTS)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/39108-34-4\/1H,1H,2H,2H-Perfluorodecane sulfonic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1H,1H,2H,2H-Perfluorodecane sulfonic acid (8:2 FTS)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">7.07<\/td><td class=\"oth\">527.17<\/td><td class=\"oth\">507.16<\/td><td class=\"oth\">80.83<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">34.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/335-76-2\/Perfluorodecanoic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">7.08<\/td><td class=\"oth\">513.17<\/td><td class=\"oth\">469.16<\/td><td class=\"oth\">219.06<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">35.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Perfluoroundecanesulfonic acid (PFUdS)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/749786-16-1\/Perfluoroundecanesulfonic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Perfluoroundecanesulfonic acid (PFUdS)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">7.43<\/td><td class=\"oth\">648.73<\/td><td class=\"oth\">79.94<\/td><td class=\"oth\">98.94<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">36.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnA)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/2058-94-8\/Perfluoroundecanoic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnA)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">7.65<\/td><td class=\"oth\">563.23<\/td><td class=\"oth\">519.24<\/td><td class=\"oth\">269.07<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">37.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Perfluorododecanesulfonic acid (PFDoS)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/79780-39-5\/Perfluorododecanesulfonic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Perfluorododecanesulfonic acid (PFDoS)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">7.77<\/td><td class=\"oth\">698.77<\/td><td class=\"oth\">79.95<\/td><td class=\"oth\">98.94<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">38.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Perfluorotridecanesulfonic acid (PFTrDS)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/791563-89-8\/Perfluorotridecanesulfonic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Perfluorotridecanesulfonic acid (PFTrDS)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">8.08<\/td><td class=\"oth\">748.73<\/td><td class=\"oth\">79.94<\/td><td class=\"oth\">98.94<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">39.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoA)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/307-55-1\/Perfluorododecanoic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoA)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">8.26<\/td><td class=\"oth\">613.23<\/td><td class=\"oth\">569.19<\/td><td class=\"oth\">169.06<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">40.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Perfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTrDA)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/72629-94-8\/Perfluorotridecanoic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Perfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTrDA)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">8.94<\/td><td class=\"oth\">663.23<\/td><td class=\"oth\">619.21<\/td><td class=\"oth\">169.06<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">41.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Perfluorotetradecanoic acid (PFTeDA)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/376-06-7\/Perfluorotetradecanoic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Perfluorotetradecanoic acid (PFTeDA)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">9.75<\/td><td class=\"oth\">712.67<\/td><td class=\"oth\">668.69<\/td><td class=\"oth\">168.94<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"chromatogram-conditions\"><h4>Conditions<\/h4><div class=\"conditions-container container-fluid\"><div class=\"row\"><table class=\"conditions col-lg-6 col-12\"><tr><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Column<\/th><td>Ultra IBD Inert  (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/9175312-T?utm_source=chromatograms&amp;utm_medium=link&amp;utm_campaign=LC_FS0563\" rel=\"noopener\">cat.# 9175312-T<\/a>)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Dimensions:<\/th><td>100 mm x 2.1 mm ID<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Particle Size:<\/th><td>3 \u00b5m<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Pore Size:<\/th><td>100 \u00c5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Temp.:<\/th><td>40 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Standard\/Sample<\/th><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>PFAS 28 calibration standard (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/30734?utm_source=chromatograms&amp;utm_medium=link&amp;utm_campaign=LC_FS0563\" rel=\"noopener\">cat.# 30734<\/a>)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>Other standards were obtained externally<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Diluent:<\/th><td>50:50 water:acetonitrile<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Conc.:<\/th><td>  Whole milk fortified at 0.1 \u03bcg\/kg<\/td><\/tr><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Inj. Vol.:<\/th><td>5 \u00b5L <\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Mobile Phase<\/th><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">A:<\/th><td>Water, 5mM ammonium formate, 0.1% formic acid <\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">B:<\/th><td>Acetonitrile <\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><table class=\"cgram_ramp\"><thead><tr><th>Time (min)<\/th><th>Flow (mL\/min)<\/th><th>%A<\/th><th>%B<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>0.00<\/td><td>0.4<\/td><td>55<\/td><td>45<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>7.00<\/td><td>0.4<\/td><td>5<\/td><td>95<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>11.00<\/td><td>0.4<\/td><td>5<\/td><td>95<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>11.01<\/td><td>0.4<\/td><td>55<\/td><td>45<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>13.00<\/td><td>0.4<\/td><td>55<\/td><td>45<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Max Pressure:<\/th><td>540 bar<\/td><\/tr><\/table><table class=\"conditions col-lg-6 col-12\"><tr><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Detector<\/th><td>Waters Xevo TQ-S<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Ion Source:<\/th><td>Waters Zspray ESI <\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Ion Mode:<\/th><td>ESI- <\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Mode:<\/th><td>MRM <\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Instrument<\/th><td>Waters ACQUITY UPLC I-Class<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Sample Preparation<\/th><td>Milk samples (0.5 g) were weighed into 15 mL polypropylene centrifuge tubes, spiked with analytes at 0.1  \u03bcg\/kg, thoroughly mixed, and extracted with 1.5 mL of acetonitrile by vortexing for 2 minutes. The mixture was then centrifuged at 4000 rpm, and the supernatant was transferred to a new 15 mL tube and dried under a gentle nitrogen stream in a 50 \u00b0C water bath. The dried residue was reconstituted with 0.5 mL of a 1:1 water:acetonitrile diluent, vortexed for 2 minutes, and centrifuged again at 4000 rpm. The final supernatant was transferred to polypropylene HPLC vials for LC-MS\/MS analysis.<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Notes<\/th><td>The confirmation ion peaks were not shown in the chromatogram.<br \/><br \/>An Ultra IBD column (150 x 2.1 mm, 3.0 \u03bcm; cat # 9175362) was used as the delay column.<br \/><br \/><br \/>For the chromatograms of perfluoroalkyl carboxylic and sulfonic acids, the peak numbers correspond to the carbon chain lengths of the PFAS compounds.<\/td><\/tr><\/table><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chromatogram-pdf-link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/images\/cgram\/lc_fs0563.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 18 18\"><g data-name=\"Group 2996\"><path data-name=\"Rectangle 1246\" d=\"M0 0h18v18H0z\" style=\"fill: none;\"><\/path><\/g><g data-name=\"Group 2997\"><path data-name=\"Path 729\" d=\"M13.412 11.4v2.017H5.345V11.4H4v2.017a1.349 1.349 0 0 0 1.345 1.345h8.068a1.349 1.349 0 0 0 1.345-1.345V11.4zm-.672-2.694-.948-.948-1.741 1.735V4H8.706v5.493L6.965 7.758l-.948.948 3.361 3.361z\" transform=\"translate(-.437 -.414)\" style=\"fill: rgb(13, 123, 196);\"><\/path><\/g><\/svg>Download PDF<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-custom-chromatogram-article-top\"><div class=\"chromatogram-article-placeholder\"><div class=\"figure-heading\"><strong>Figure 3:<\/strong> Full Chromatographic Separation of PFOS and Potentially Interfering Bile Acids<\/div><div class='chromatogram-article-inner-full'><div class=\"chromatogram-article-inner\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-custom-chromatogram-article\"><div class=\"wp-block-custom-chromatogram-article\"><div class=\"chromatogram-image wide-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/images\/cgram\/lc_fs0565.png\" alt=\"Distinct Retention Times Between PFOS and Bile Acids\" title=\"-\"><\/div><p class=\"article-id\" style=\"text-align:center\"> LC_FS0565<\/p><div class=\"chromatogram-peaks\"><h4>Peaks<\/h4><table class=\"peaks col-lg-6 col-12\">\n<thead><tr><th><\/th><th style=\"text-align: left;width: 75px\">Peaks<\/th><th style=\"text-align: center;width: 75px\">t<sub>R<\/sub> (min)<\/th><th style=\"text-align: center;width: 75px\">Conc.<br \/>(ng\/mL)<\/th><th style=\"text-align: center;width: 75px\">Precursor Ion<\/th><th style=\"text-align: center;width: 75px\">Confirmation Ion<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n<tbody><tr><td class=\"num\">1.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/14605-22-2 \/Tauroursodeoxycholic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">4.50<\/td><td class=\"oth\">100<\/td><td class=\"oth\">499.03<\/td><td class=\"oth\">79.92<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">2.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/1763-23-1\/Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">6.05<\/td><td class=\"oth\">0.5<\/td><td class=\"oth\">499.03<\/td><td class=\"oth\">79.92<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">3.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Taurochenodeoxycholic acid (TCDCA)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/516-35-8 \/Taurochenodeoxycholic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Taurochenodeoxycholic acid (TCDCA)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">6.55<\/td><td class=\"oth\">100<\/td><td class=\"oth\">499.03<\/td><td class=\"oth\">79.92<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">4.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/516-50-7 \/Taurodeoxycholic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">6.74<\/td><td class=\"oth\">100<\/td><td class=\"oth\">499.03<\/td><td class=\"oth\">79.92<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"chromatogram-conditions\"><h4>Conditions<\/h4><div class=\"conditions-container container-fluid\"><div class=\"row\"><table class=\"conditions col-lg-6 col-12\"><tr><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Column<\/th><td>Ultra IBD Inert  (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/9175312-T?utm_source=chromatograms&amp;utm_medium=link&amp;utm_campaign=LC_FS0565\" rel=\"noopener\">cat.# 9175312-T<\/a>)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Dimensions:<\/th><td>100 mm x 2.1 mm ID<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Particle Size:<\/th><td>3 \u00b5m<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Pore Size:<\/th><td>100 \u00c5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Temp.:<\/th><td>40 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Standard\/Sample<\/th><td>Individual standards were obtained externally.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Diluent:<\/th><td>50:50 water:acetonitrile<\/td><\/tr><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Inj. Vol.:<\/th><td>5 \u00b5L <\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Mobile Phase<\/th><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">A:<\/th><td>Water, 5 mM ammonium formate, 0.1% formic acid <\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">B:<\/th><td>Acetonitrile <\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><table class=\"cgram_ramp\"><thead><tr><th>Time (min)<\/th><th>Flow (mL\/min)<\/th><th>%A<\/th><th>%B<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>0.00<\/td><td>0.4<\/td><td>55<\/td><td>45<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>7.00<\/td><td>0.4<\/td><td>5<\/td><td>95<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>11.00<\/td><td>0.4<\/td><td>5<\/td><td>95<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>11.01<\/td><td>0.4<\/td><td>55<\/td><td>45<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>13.00<\/td><td>0.4<\/td><td>55<\/td><td>45<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Max Pressure:<\/th><td>540 bar<\/td><\/tr><\/table><table class=\"conditions col-lg-6 col-12\"><tr><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Detector<\/th><td>Waters Xevo TQ-S<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Ion Source:<\/th><td>Waters Zspray ESI <\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Ion Mode:<\/th><td>ESI- <\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Mode:<\/th><td>MRM <\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Instrument<\/th><td>Waters ACQUITY UPLC I-Class<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Sample Preparation<\/th><td>Individual standards were prepared in 50:50 water:acetonitrile solution in polypropylene HPLC vials.<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Notes<\/th><td>An Ultra IBD column (150 x 2.1 mm, 3.0 \u03bcm; cat # 9175362) was used as the delay column.<\/td><\/tr><\/table><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chromatogram-pdf-link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/images\/cgram\/lc_fs0565.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 18 18\"><g data-name=\"Group 2996\"><path data-name=\"Rectangle 1246\" d=\"M0 0h18v18H0z\" style=\"fill: none;\"><\/path><\/g><g data-name=\"Group 2997\"><path data-name=\"Path 729\" d=\"M13.412 11.4v2.017H5.345V11.4H4v2.017a1.349 1.349 0 0 0 1.345 1.345h8.068a1.349 1.349 0 0 0 1.345-1.345V11.4zm-.672-2.694-.948-.948-1.741 1.735V4H8.706v5.493L6.965 7.758l-.948.948 3.361 3.361z\" transform=\"translate(-.437 -.414)\" style=\"fill: rgb(13, 123, 196);\"><\/path><\/g><\/svg>Download PDF<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Linearity<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Employing quadratic regression (1\/x weighted), all analytes exhibited acceptable linearities with r<sup>2<\/sup> &gt;0.995 and deviations &lt;30%. The calibration ranges were 20\u20132500 ng\/L for TFA; 20\u20131000 ng\/L for HFPO-DA, capstone A, and capstone B; and 4\u20131000 ng\/L for the remaining analytes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Accuracy and Precision<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Three batches of analyses were conducted on different days, totaling nine replicates at each fortified level. The average recovery and relative standard deviation (RSD) for each PFAS in each matrix are presented in Table III. All analytes exhibited recovery values within the range of 78.3\u2013119% in whole milk, 81.6\u2013129% in almond milk, and 80.5\u2013118% in infant formula. Satisfactory method precision was demonstrated by the %RSD values being \u226415%. Due to higher matrix suppression or poor detection signals, the recovery of <sup>13<\/sup>C-TFA, PFPrA, FOSA, HFPO-DA, capstone A, capstone B, and PFMPA could not be determined in some or all of the 0.01 \u00b5g\/kg fortified samples. Capstone A could not be identified and measured in almond milk due to specific matrix suppression.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Table III: <\/strong>Accuracy and Precision Analysis of PFAS in Fortified Milk Samples<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Whole Milk<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><th><\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\" colspan=\"5\">\n\t\t\t\tAverage Recovery (RSD, %), n=9\n\t\t\t<\/th><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\" colspan=\"5\">\n\t\t\t\tFortified Concentration (\u00b5g\/kg)\n\t\t\t<\/th><\/tr><tr><th>Analytes <\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.010\n\t\t\t<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.025\n\t\t\t<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.050\n\t\t\t<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.10\n\t\t\t<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.25\n\t\t\t<\/th><\/tr><tr><td><sup>13<\/sup>C-TFA <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t&#8211;\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t104 (9.40)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t108 (6.19)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t111 (7.65)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t114 (6.02)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFPrA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t110 (9.22)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t108 (9.29)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t114 (5.59)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t112 (7.55)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t119 (4.73)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFBA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t115 (3.43)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t104 (6.80)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t111 (8.73)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t108 (4.26)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t112 (3.60)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFPeA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t106 (8.48)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t91.3 (8.68)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t92.0 (10.0)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t97.5 (12.4)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t102 (6.73)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFHxA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t108 (4.27)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t87.9 (7.77)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t92.6 (9.97)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t90.9 (10.8)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t105 (5.71)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFHpA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t113 (4.65)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t93.7 (6.82)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t92.1 (8.58)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t90.3 (6.51)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t103 (9.38)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFOA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t112 (9.69)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t91.6 (12.9)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t83.3 (11.4)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t86.9 (4.64)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t103 (10.5)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFNA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t114 (7.32)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t102 (7.47)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t101 (6.33)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t105 (5.50)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t110 (4.46)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFDA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t110 (10.7)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t86.4 (8.71)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t88.8 (8.37)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t95.3 (10.8)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t103 (9.83)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFUnA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t109 (8.75)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t87.3 (11.8)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t95.1 (9.90)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t95.0 (10.7)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t96.4 (13.9)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFDoA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t113 (7.22)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t81.7 (8.30)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t88.5 (9.97)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t93.6 (6.06)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t97.5 (15.0)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFTrDA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t113 (8.61)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t85.4 (4.62)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t86.7 (4.92)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t95.2 (9.83)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t95.4 (3.12)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFTeDA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t105 (13.5)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t78.9 (7.25)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t85.1 (12.2)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t96.1 (8.25)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t98.3 (15.1)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tTFMS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t112 (7.81)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t107 (10.4)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t112 (5.96)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t82.9 (5.82)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t84.6 (7.92)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFEtS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t104 (9.39)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t103 (7.51)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t105 (7.90)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t114 (5.96)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t116 (5.55)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFPrS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t95.7 (5.72)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t87.6 (7.53)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t94.5 (5.08)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t91.3 (12.9)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t99.7 (7.59)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFBS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t104 (12.7)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t95.8 (13.0)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t99.1 (9.98)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t100 (10.3)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t109 (8.59)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFPeS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t102 (9.04)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t93.5 (12.4)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t90.2 (11.5)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t93.8 (14.0)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t107 (13.5)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFHxS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t104 (8.83)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t90.6 (12.4)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t85.2 (8.26)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t88.2 (8.90)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t108 (10.4)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFHpS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t85.9 (4.54)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t85.0 (4.97)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t84.6 (8.85)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t83.5 (3.94)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t97.4 (10.0)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFOS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t109 (6.76)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t102 (10.3)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t102 (7.83)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t93.0 (13.7)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t102 (10.5)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFNS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t104 (10.8)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t88.4 (11.0)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t96.8 (14.1)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t86.9 (5.59)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t103 (10.4)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFDS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t98.5 (12.7)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t91.7 (12.0)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t97.3 (13.5)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t95.8 (14.3)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t106 (7.60)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFUdS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t86.1 (5.93)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t93.1 (7.89)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t105 (10.9)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t91.0 (8.73)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t108 (6.82)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFDoS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t116 (3.54)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t78.3 (8.12)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t101 (7.02)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t86.5 (9.40)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t102 (9.72)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFTrDS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t95.7 (14.4)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t81.0 (2.20)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t93.3 (6.78)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t91.7 (13.2)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t106 (10.5)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\t4:2 FTS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t103 (8.31)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t102 (12.1)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t102 (10.2)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t113 (8.30)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t116 (2.94)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\t6:2 FTS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t108 (9.23)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t115 (6.07)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t96.4 (9.84)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t87.9 (10.2)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t109 (5.90)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\t8:2 FTS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t92.5 (15.3)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t94.2 (12.3)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t90.5 (7.92)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t83.1 (5.62)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t95.0 (8.98)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tFOSA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t&#8211;\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t103 (8.53)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t88.3 (12.9)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t96.3 (13.2)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t112 (6.15)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tNMeFOSAA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t107 (9.71)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t86.6 (8.05)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t86.1 (8.46)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t92.4 (10.7)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t98.9 (12.9)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tNEtFOSAA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t107 (7.37)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t94.3 (8.12)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t94.8 (10.6)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t105 (7.31)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t110 (5.73)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFMPA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t86.1 (9.47)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t88.4 (8.49)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t84.0 (9.50)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t85.4 (5.55)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t90.4 (7.52)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFMBA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t87.4 (10.3)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t98.5 (11.8)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t85.8 (8.29)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t98.6 (8.80)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t102 (5.72)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tHFPO-DA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t&#8211;\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t98.7 (13.5)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t96.9 (9.14)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t88.2 (15.1)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t98.6 (14.0)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tADONA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t113 (4.56)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t87.7 (7.80)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t85.9 (7.20)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t84.5 (1.90)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t91.5 (8.03)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFEESA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t94.1 (10.6)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t91.2 (12.4)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t98.4 (11.7)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t104 (8.42)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t110 (7.01)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\t9Cl-PF3ONS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t93.2 (7.90)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t80.5 (7.82)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t83.7 (5.62)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t88.6 (5.48)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t97.2 (11.2)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\t11Cl-PF3OUdS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t99.8 (8.00)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t82.3 (6.39)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t92.4 (9.85)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t101 (13.3)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t106 (8.15)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tCapstone A\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t&#8211;\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t85.9 (11.8)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t103 (9.31)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t111 (5.74)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t118 (6.80)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tCapstone B\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t&#8211;\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t108 (8.60)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t99.9 (15.0)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t113 (4.46)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t118 (2.83)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Almond Milk<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><th><\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\" colspan=\"5\">\n\t\t\t\tAverage Recovery (RSD, %), n=9\n\t\t\t<\/th><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\" colspan=\"5\">\n\t\t\t\tFortified Concentration (\u00b5g\/kg)\n\t\t\t<\/th><\/tr><tr><th>\n\t\t\t\tAnalytes\n\t\t\t<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.010\n\t\t\t<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.025\n\t\t\t<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.050\n\t\t\t<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.10\n\t\t\t<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.25\n\t\t\t<\/th><\/tr><tr><td><sup>13<\/sup>C-TFA <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t&#8211;\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t127 (4.47)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t129 (2.78)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t125 (7.85)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t110 (8.27)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFPrA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t&#8211;\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t120 (5.45)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t115 (6.71)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t114 (5.40)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t119 (5.62)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFBA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t112 (7.95)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t106 (8.08)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t103 (8.48)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t98.0 (6.45)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t101 (14.2)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFPeA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t97.1 (7.51)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t101 (10.8)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t99.5 (10.8)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t92.1 (8.40)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t95.4 (7.09)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFHxA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t90.8 (12.2)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t111 (10.1)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t100 (7.90)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t94.0 (6.60)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t102 (9.41)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFHpA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t116 (5.79)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t98.8 (6.45)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t88.9 (5.97)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t87.4 (6.15)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t94.1 (6.10)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFOA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t109 (7.29)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t113 (6.75)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t102 (6.76)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t109 (3.37)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t114 (3.33)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFNA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t88.0 (8.26)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t90.0 (7.59)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t81.6 (6.43)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t84.6 (4.29)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t89.7 (7.17)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFDA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t106 (14.3)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t95.0 (7.55)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t84.7 (5.31)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t92.6 (5.61)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t94.2 (3.03)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFUnA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t105 (9.34)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t93.4 (8.81)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t99.1 (11.7)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t108 (6.58)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t106 (4.40)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFDoA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t115 (4.66)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t114 (3.60)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t114 (5.06)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t119 (2.60)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t119 (2.65)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFTrDA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t105 (8.08)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t111 (4.47)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t116 (6.70)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t126 (3.29)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t125 (3.64)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFTeDA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t106 (6.29)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t112 (3.62)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t118 (2.81)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t128 (3.46)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t128 (3.19)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tTFMS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t100 (9.22)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t107 (7.45)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t110 (4.41)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t87.9 (5.54)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t88.9 (8.59)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFEtS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t115 (6.22)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t111 (7.45)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t118 (3.40)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t112 (6.29)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t118 (3.93)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFPrS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t91.9 (8.44)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t92.3 (5.94)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t100 (8.15)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t95.5 (4.92)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t98.3 (7.83)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFBS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t112 (6.31)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t92.1 (11.8)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t98.9 (8.42)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t90.1 (7.68)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t101 (10.6)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFPeS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t99.7 (13.6)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t111 (10.9)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t103 (7.36)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t100 (10.0)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t106 (11.5)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFHxS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t100 (9.16)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t95.9 (9.88)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t101 (10.4)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t111 (6.40)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t108 (5.15)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFHpS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t86.9 (6.71)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t96.0 (9.84)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t84.5 (5.45)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t92.1 (3.27)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t99.5 (5.34)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFOS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t115 (4.37)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t90.3 (10.9)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t83.4 (5.20)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t83.7 (7.66)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t91.3 (8.34)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFNS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t89.6 (12.1)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t92.3 (11.3)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t82.8 (5.36)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t95.0 (6.73)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t93.0 (10.6)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFDS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t108 (12.8)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t101 (11.6)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t110 (5.53)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t110 (9.70)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t119 (3.14)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFUdS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t93.9 (11.4)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t93.8 (9.55)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t98.4 (7.86)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t115 (1.83)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t118 (3.13)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFDoS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t90.3 (7.00)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t100 (9.86)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t107 (6.95)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t118 (2.42)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t118 (2.26)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFTrDS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t95.9 (10.9)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t94.0 (9.28)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t99.6 (6.13)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t114 (3.42)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t115 (3.09)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\t4:2 FTS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t87.6 (7.37)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t108 (7.99)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t105 (8.12)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t99.7 (8.11)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t105 (8.52)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\t6:2 FTS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t113 (6.80)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t113 (6.76)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t110 (5.34)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t105 (6.80)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t105 (5.44)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\t8:2 FTS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t118 (3.57)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t101 (8.58)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t96.4 (7.93)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t108 (4.60)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t103 (6.98)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tFOSA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t105 (12.5)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t103 (7.55)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t107 (6.24)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t97.7 (10.6)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t109 (5.68)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tNMeFOSAA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t105 (5.69)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t92.2 (13.1)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t87.0 (7.11)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t91.8 (8.89)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t98.0 (8.37)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tNEtFOSAA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t108 (7.59)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t103 (9.82)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t88.1 (9.60)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t101 (10.5)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t104 (6.61)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFMPA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t88.7 (6.82)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t93.8 (9.95)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t97.8 (13.1)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t97.2 (9.27)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t109 (5.00)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFMBA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t94.1 (11.1)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t90.9 (10.4)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t96.1 (9.65)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t98.9 (6.79)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t107 (6.54)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tHFPO-DA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t&#8211;\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t107 (9.78)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t103 (10.2)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t105 (11.1)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t112 (5.38)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tADONA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t101 (13.8)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t104 (8.18)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t88.0 (7.00)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t83.8 (7.37)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t89.8 (5.29)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFEESA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t103 (13.6)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t95.2 (8.88)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t97.2 (10.9)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t94.9 (7.39)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t101 (10.3)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\t9Cl-PF3ONS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t108 (8.15)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t96.7 (3.42)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t81.7 (3.82)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t95.0 (4.48)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t94.2 (5.43)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\t11Cl-PF3OUdS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t86.7 (8.10)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t92.9 (8.10)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t82.9 (2.81)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t85.7 (3.71)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t84.0 (9.17)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tCapstone A\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t&#8211;\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t&#8211;\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t&#8211;\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t&#8211;\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t&#8211;\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tCapstone B\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t&#8211;\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t104 (7.55)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t95.0 (14.0)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t105 (9.55)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t92.6 (11.2)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Infant Formula<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><th><\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\" colspan=\"5\">\n\t\t\t\tAverage Recovery (RSD, %), n=9\n\t\t\t<\/th><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\" colspan=\"5\">\n\t\t\t\tFortified Concentration (\u00b5g\/kg)\n\t\t\t<\/th><\/tr><tr><th>\n\t\t\t\tAnalytes\n\t\t\t<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.010\n\t\t\t<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.025\n\t\t\t<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.050\n\t\t\t<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.10\n\t\t\t<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.25\n\t\t\t<\/th><\/tr><tr><td><sup>13<\/sup>C-TFA <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t&#8211;\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t95.8 (12.9)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t102 (6.25)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t110 (10.2)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t110 (9.68)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFPrA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t&#8211;\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t96.6 (8.80)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t99.2 (7.87)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t92.0 (4.92)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t116 (4.05)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFBA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t107 (7.01)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t107 (8.41)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t108 (4.84)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t110 (4.96)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t109 (4.42)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFPeA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t93.1 (6.70)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t99.7 (9.51)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t99.8 (9.22)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t88.3 (7.39)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t99.3 (6.81)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFHxA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t101 (8.37)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t94.5 (10.6)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t99.9 (7.70)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t98.5 (4.85)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t106 (7.37)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFHpA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t94.0 (9.15)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t98.6 (8.38)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t99.6 (7.19)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t97.0 (8.02)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t104 (6.90)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFOA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t97.2 (11.7)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t102 (10.9)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t103 (5.99)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t105 (6.93)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t110 (3.65)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFNA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t101 (5.60)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t97.0 (5.33)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t107 (4.99)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t110 (5.07)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t116 (4.24)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFDA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t91.4 (6.59)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t89.9 (6.39)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t110 (4.69)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t116 (3.48)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t113 (1.86)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFUnA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t99.1 (10.8)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t86.8 (4.92)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t105 (7.70)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t116 (3.81)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t112 (7.38)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFDoA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t82.7 (3.01)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t82.2 (2.66)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t96.4 (3.87)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t106 (4.87)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t106 (4.39)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFTrDA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t86.2 (3.82)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t81.5 (1.67)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t96.2 (6.82)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t96.9 (4.46)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t113 (5.98)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFTeDA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t81.8 (4.54)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t80.8 (6.32)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t89.8 (2.41)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t90.1 (3.28)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t106 (3.09)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tTFMS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t110 (7.01)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t99.5 (8.05)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t99.3 (7.09)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t107 (9.75)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t106 (10.4)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFEtS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t90.4 (12.1)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t94.9 (6.25)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t88.8 (5.44)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t90.0 (7.63)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t96.0 (5.53)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFPrS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t99.4 (9.37)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t92.3 (8.05)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t97.1 (4.87)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t94.4 (7.57)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t101 (4.53)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFBS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t101 (12.8)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t107 (8.88)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t98.2 (11.5)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t94.6 (7.03)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t109 (11.2)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFPeS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t111 (7.96)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t106 (7.55)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t108 (8.38)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t106 (4.36)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t111 (6.12)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFHxS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t85.5 (6.65)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t89.1 (12.3)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t96.1 (13.3)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t96.2 (9.71)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t105 (5.29)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFHpS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t87.9 (9.29)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t88.0 (4.81)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t90.9 (4.84)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t89.1 (6.79)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t94.4 (3.34)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFOS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t89.2 (9.65)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t89.4 (10.7)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t112 (7.14)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t106 (7.94)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t107 (6.53)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFNS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t86.9 (9.81)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t82.7 (5.10)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t108 (6.65)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t107 (10.4)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t108 (5.39)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFDS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t87.5 (11.9)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t88.9 (9.25)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t109 (7.57)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t106 (9.44)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t105 (8.17)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFUdS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t89.7 (10.2)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t84.9 (5.13)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t105 (9.17)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t95.3 (10.4)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t97.1 (6.65)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFDoS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t91.0 (9.86)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t81.7 (6.58)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t98.6 (10.6)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t84.7 (8.43)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t89.8 (9.51)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFTrDS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t80.5 (6.95)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t83.6 (13.6)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t94.6 (8.68)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t84.6 (12.2)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t93.0 (13.4)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\t4:2 FTS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t101 (10.1)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t113 (6.58)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t108 (6.31)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t112 (4.14)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t112 (6.30)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\t6:2 FTS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t111 (7.44)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t99.8 (5.59)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t110 (9.56)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t116 (4.78)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t118 (4.57)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\t8:2 FTS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t89.4 (8.88)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t86.2 (8.13)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t107 (6.72)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t117 (4.84)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t115 (5.38)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tFOSA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t88.4 (8.80)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t90.0 (7.86)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t96.5 (13.6)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t99.7 (7.60)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t107 (12.2)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tNMeFOSAA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t89.0 (10.5)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t87.9 (9.53)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t101 (9.92)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t102 (8.70)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t103 (6.85)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tNEtFOSAA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t104 (9.71)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t91.4 (9.41)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t109 (7.39)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t115 (4.19)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t115 (4.33)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFMPA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t&#8211;\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t82.1 (4.74)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t82.0 (3.76)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t83.1 (4.58)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t84.9 (4.63)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFMBA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t88.7 (12.1)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t103 (12.5)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t96.2 (8.93)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t92.3 (9.42)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t103 (6.87)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tHFPO-DA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t&#8211;\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t94.7 (13.7)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t105 (7.55)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t101 (5.29)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t104 (9.62)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tADONA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t117 (3.44)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t108 (8.64)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t108 (7.27)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t104 (7.23)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t108 (6.31)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tPFEESA\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t99.7 (10.9)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t110 (5.44)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t106 (6.32)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t100 (8.12)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t109 (10.2)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\t9Cl-PF3ONS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t84.8 (5.47)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t87.8 (5.83)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t83.6 (6.65)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t84.4 (3.03)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t86.3 (4.58)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\t11Cl-PF3OUdS\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t84.2 (7.68)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t91.6 (8.41)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t106 (5.69)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t101 (7.79)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t100 (5.06)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tCapstone A\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t&#8211;\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t89.7 (10.4)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t81.9 (7.72)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t83.7 (6.37)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t88.4 (9.29)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tCapstone B\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t&#8211;\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t93.8 (11.3)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t93.6 (12.4)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t107 (11.8)\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t104 (12.7)\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Real-World Sample Analysis<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A total of 24 milk samples were collected from local grocery stores to assess PFAS contamination using the established workflow. Each sample was prepared in duplicate. The results revealed widespread presence of TFA, TFMS, PFBA, and PFHpA in the milk samples (Table IV). Notably, all tested soymilk samples contained high levels of PFPrA and PFBA. Long-chain compounds, including PFOA, PFOS, PFNA, PFDoA, and PFTeDA, were detected in some samples. A fluorotelomer sulfonic acid compound, 6:2 FTS, was the only PFAS identified aside from perfluoroalkyl carboxylic and sulfonic acids, and it was present in all four infant formula samples and some of the other milk samples. TFA concentrations were significantly higher and exceed the calibration range in some milk samples, necessitating sample dilution prior to extraction to obtain accurate quantification.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Table IV: <\/strong>Measurement of 41 Targeted PFAS in Various Milk Matrices<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><th><\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\" colspan=\"11\">\n\t\t\t\tConcentration (\u00b5g\/kg)\n\t\t\t<\/th><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\" colspan=\"3\">\n\t\t\t\tUltrashort-Chain\n\t\t\t<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\" colspan=\"2\">\n\t\t\t\tShort-Chain\n\t\t\t<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\" colspan=\"5\">\n\t\t\t\tLong-Chain\n\t\t\t<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tOthers\n\t\t\t<\/th><\/tr><tr><th>\n\t\t\t\tMilk Samples\n\t\t\t<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tTFA\n\t\t\t<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tPFPrA\n\t\t\t<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tTFMS\n\t\t\t<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tPFBA\n\t\t\t<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tPFHpA\n\t\t\t<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tPFOA\n\t\t\t<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tPFOS\n\t\t\t<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tPFNA\n\t\t\t<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tPFDoA\n\t\t\t<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tPFTeDA\n\t\t\t<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t6:2 FTS\n\t\t\t<\/th><\/tr><tr><td><strong><em>Dairy Milk<\/em><\/strong> <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\" colspan=\"3\"><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\" colspan=\"2\"><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\" colspan=\"5\"><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tWhole Milk #1\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t2.3\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.0049\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tWhole Milk #2 \n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t4.3\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.035\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.065\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.087\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.0093\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.0044\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tWhole Milk #3\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t4.1\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">&lt;0.0040 <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.038\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">&lt;0.0040 <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.0045\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">&lt;0.0040 <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.011\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tWhole Milk #4\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t3.0\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.0052\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.012\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">&lt;0.0040 <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\t2% Reduced Fat Milk #1 \n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t3.5\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.012\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.023\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.0045\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.0094\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.018\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">&lt;0.0040 <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">&lt;0.0040 <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">&lt;0.0040 <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.0043\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\t2% Reduced Fat Milk #2 \n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t4.0\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.0052\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.015\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tFat-Free Milk #1 \n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t3.6\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.0055\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.011\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tFat-Free Milk #2 \n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t3.4\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.0046\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.010\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">&lt;0.0040 <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">&lt;0.0040 <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.0041\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tFat-Free Milk #3\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t2.4\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.0076\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong><em>Plant-Based Milk<\/em><\/strong> <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\" colspan=\"3\"><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\" colspan=\"2\"><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\" colspan=\"5\"><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tAlmond Milk #1\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t1.8\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.0043\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.017\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tAlmond Milk #2\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t2.2\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.0070\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.021\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">&lt;0.0040 <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">&lt;0.0040 <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">&lt;0.0040 <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">&lt;0.0040 <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tAlmond Milk #3\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t5.3\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.013\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.039\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">&lt;0.0040 <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tOat Milk #1\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t7.2\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.027\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.016\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">&lt;0.0040 <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.0052\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.0086\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.055\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tOat Milk #2\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t11\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.021\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.019\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.0053\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tSoy Milk #1\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t24\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.52\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.016\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.21\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">&lt;0.0040 <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tSoy Milk #2\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t11\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.26\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.013\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.10\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">&lt;0.0040 <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tSoy Milk #3\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t5.6\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.088\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.016\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.069\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tCoconut Milk #1\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t1.1\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.0047\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.013\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">&lt;0.0040 <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tCoconut Milk #2\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t1.0\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.0043\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">&lt;0.0040 <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.0053\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.0053\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong><em>Infant Formula<\/em><\/strong> <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\" colspan=\"3\"><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\" colspan=\"2\"><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\" colspan=\"5\"><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tFormula #1\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t1.0\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">&lt;0.0040 <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.0064\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tFormula #2\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.4\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">&lt;0.0040 <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">&lt;0.0040 <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.0074\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tFormula #3\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.8\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">&lt;0.0040 <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.012\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">&lt;0.0040 <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">&lt;0.0040 <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.0050\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n\t\t\t\tFormula #4\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t1.2\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.0069\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.011\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">&lt;0.0040 <\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.0050\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\tnd\n\t\t\t<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\n\t\t\t\t0.012\n\t\t\t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"12\">nd = not detected<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>This study developed a simple, robust workflow for comprehensive PFAS analysis in various liquid milk matrices, successfully incorporating ultrashort-chain PFAS along with more commonly analyzed compounds. The optimized sample preparation protocol, combined with a sensitive LC method, enabled effective extraction and quantification of 41 PFAS with high accuracy and precision. The LC method leveraged a distinctive Ultra IBD Inert column, which features a polar-embedded alkyl stationary phase and an inert surface coating, providing enhanced retention for ultrashort-chain compounds and minimized analyte interaction to achieve increased sensitivity. Application of this workflow to commercial milk samples provided valuable insights into PFAS contamination across different milk sources. These findings highlight the importance of integrating ultrashort-chain PFAS into routine monitoring of PFAS in food products and offer a practical approach to support future food safety research and regulatory initiatives. &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">References<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>J. York, Analysis of PFAS in milk by LC-MS\/MS, Application note, FSAN4338-UNV, Restek Corporation, 2024. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/articles\/analysis-of-pfas-in-milk-by-lc-ms-ms\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.restek.com\/articles\/analysis-of-pfas-in-milk-by-lc-ms-ms<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>S.H. Liang, Incorporating ultrashort-chain compounds into comprehensive PFAS analysis in waters, Application note, EVAN4402-UNV, Restek Corporation, 2025. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/articles\/incorporating-ultrashort-chain-compounds-into-comprehensive-pfas-analysis-in-waters\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.restek.com\/articles\/incorporating-ultrashort-chain-compounds-into-comprehensive-pfas-analysis-in-waters<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>S.H. Liang, J. Steimling, C1-C10 PFAS analysis in human plasma and serum, Application note, CFAN4273A-UNV, Restek Corporation, 2025. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/articles\/c1-c10-pfas-analysis-in-human-plasma-and-serum\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.restek.com\/articles\/c1-c10-pfas-analysis-in-human-plasma-and-serum<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>European Union Reference Laboratory for halogenated POPs in Feed and Food. Guidance Document on Analytical Parameters for the Determination of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Food and Feed. Version 1.2. May 2022. <a href=\"https:\/\/eurl-pops.eu\/news\/guidance-document-pfas\/guidance-document-pfas\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/eurl-pops.eu\/news\/guidance-document-pfas\/guidance-document-pfas<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n        <div class=\"cpb\">\n            <h3 class=\"cpb-heading\">Products Mentioned<\/h3>\n            <hr class=\"cpb-heading-underline\" \/>\n            <div class=\"cpb-list\">\n                                    <div class=\"cpb-item\">\n                        <div class=\"cpb-col cpb-col--left\">\n                            <a class=\"cpb-catalog\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/9175312-T\">                                Catalog No. 9175312-T                            <\/a>                        <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"cpb-col cpb-col--middle\">\n                            <div class=\"cpb-title\">Colonne HPLC Ultra IBD Inert, 3 \u00b5m, 100 x 2,1 mm<\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"cpb-col cpb-col--right\">\n                                                            <a class=\"cpb-view-btn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/9175312-T\">Voir le produit<\/a>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"cpb-item\">\n                        <div class=\"cpb-col cpb-col--left\">\n                            <a class=\"cpb-catalog\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/9175362\">                                Catalog No. 9175362                            <\/a>                        <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"cpb-col cpb-col--middle\">\n                            <div class=\"cpb-title\">Colonnes Ultra IBD, 3\u00b5m 150 x 2.1mm<\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"cpb-col cpb-col--right\">\n                                                            <a class=\"cpb-view-btn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/9175362\">Voir le produit<\/a>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"cpb-item\">\n                        <div class=\"cpb-col cpb-col--left\">\n                            <a class=\"cpb-catalog\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/30734\">                                Catalog No. 30734                            <\/a>                        <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"cpb-col cpb-col--middle\">\n                            <div class=\"cpb-title\">Solution-\u00e9talon de calibration PFAS 28, 1 \u03bcg\/ml de chaque compos\u00e9 dans le m\u00e9thanol (1 mM KOH), 1 ml\/ampoule<\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"cpb-col cpb-col--right\">\n                                                            <a class=\"cpb-view-btn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/30734\">Voir le produit<\/a>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"cpb-item\">\n                        <div class=\"cpb-col cpb-col--left\">\n                            <a class=\"cpb-catalog\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/25846\">                                Catalog No. 25846                            <\/a>                        <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"cpb-col cpb-col--middle\">\n                            <div class=\"cpb-title\">Tubes vides en polypropyl\u00e8ne pour centrifugation de 50 ml, avec bouchons, lot de 50<\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"cpb-col cpb-col--right\">\n                                                            <a class=\"cpb-view-btn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/25846\">Voir le produit<\/a>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        \n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This simple, reliable LC-MS\/MS method incorporates ultrashort-chain PFAS into a comprehensive method that includes ultrashort-chain PFAS along with traditional PFAS, providing a more complete profile of PFAS contamination in diverse milk products.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":46,"featured_media":73750,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kadence_starter_templates_imported_post":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"footnotes":"[]"},"categories":[783],"tags":[2782],"industries-application":[2236,2238,2234],"post-badge":[29],"resource-type":[],"product-library":[],"resource-technique":[2326,2363],"ppma_author":[578],"class_list":["post-73559","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-anwendungshinweise","tag-pfas","industries-application-lebensmittel-getranke","industries-application-lebensmittelsicherheit","industries-application-pfas-analyse","post-badge-new","resource-technique-flussigchromatografie","resource-technique-ms-ms-de"],"acf":[],"taxonomy_info":{"category":[{"value":783,"label":"Anwendungshinweise"}],"post_tag":[{"value":2782,"label":"PFAS"}],"industries-application":[{"value":2236,"label":"Lebensmittel 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