{"id":43409,"date":"2020-10-06T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-10-06T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/uncategorized\/ottimizza-lanalisi-di-voc-polari-e-coeluenti-incampioni-di-aria-da-canister-grazie-alla-colonna-gc-rtx-vms\/"},"modified":"2026-01-28T22:08:46","modified_gmt":"2026-01-28T22:08:46","slug":"ottimizza-lanalisi-di-voc-polari-e-coeluenti-incampioni-di-aria-da-canister-grazie-alla-colonna-gc-rtx-vms","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/it\/articoli\/evar2388-it\/ottimizza-lanalisi-di-voc-polari-e-coeluenti-incampioni-di-aria-da-canister-grazie-alla-colonna-gc-rtx-vms","title":{"rendered":"Ottimizza l\u2019analisi di VOC polari e coeluenti in campioni di aria da canister grazie alla colonna GC Rtx-VMS"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>I laboratori seguono spesso il metodo compendiale TO-15 dell&#8217;Agenzia statunitense per la tutela ambientale (Environmental Protection Agency, EPA) [1] quando eseguono l\u2019analisi di composti organici volatili (VOC) in campioni di aria da canister. Molti degli analisti che utilizzano questo metodo pensano erroneamente di dover usare una colonna di tipo 1 da 60\u202fm x 0,32\u202fmm x 1,00\u202f\u00b5m. Bisogna per\u00f2 chiarire a chi utilizza gi\u00e0 il metodo TO-15 e a chi potrebbe usarlo in futuro che il documento rappresenta soltanto una linea guida per un metodo orientato alle prestazioni, e quindi nella scelta della colonna GC c\u2019\u00e8 molta flessibilit\u00e0 per quanto riguarda sia la fase stazionaria sia le dimensioni della colonna. Sulla scelta della colonna cromatografica il metodo TO-15, alla sezione 7.2.2.2, indica quanto segue: \u201cle colonne capillari in silice fusa in 100% metil silicone o 5% fenile e 95% metil silicone di diametro interno tra 0,25 e 0,53\u202fmm e lunghezza variabile sono raccomandate per la separazione di molti dei possibili sottoinsiemi di composti target che includono composti non polari. Tuttavia, in considerazione della variet\u00e0 di elenchi di sostanze target, la scelta \u00e8 demandata all\u2019operatore, fermi restando gli standard prestazionali di cui alla Sezione 11.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Questa flessibilit\u00e0 offre un\u2019opportunit\u00e0 di ottimizzazione unica in quanto gli elenchi degli analiti target variano da un laboratorio all\u2019altro. Il metodo TO-15 si pu\u00f2 applicare a un sottoinsieme di 97 VOC dei 189 inquinanti atmosferici pericolosi (HAP) indicati al Titolo III degli Emendamenti alla legge statunitense sulla qualit\u00e0 dell\u2019aria (Clean Air Act Amendments). La maggior parte dei laboratori analizza un gruppo standard di circa 65 VOC, a cui alcuni ricercatori aggiungono una decina di altri composti, mentre \u00e8 molto raro analizzare tutti e 97 i componenti. Poich\u00e9 i laboratori hanno elenchi di composti diversi e il metodo consente di utilizzare qualsiasi colonna risponda ai criteri prestazionali descritti di seguito, Restek ha testato alcune colonne GC per valutarne l\u2019idoneit\u00e0 all\u2019analisi dei VOC nei campioni di aria da canister. Il metodo TO-15 pone questi criteri: bianchi con meno di 0,2 ppbv dei VOC target, calibrazioni con deviazione standard relativa percentuale (%RSD) per il fattore di risposta relativa (RRF) pari a 30%, limiti di rilevabilit\u00e0 del metodo (MDL) di \u22640,5 ppbv, precisione delle repliche entro il 25% e accuratezza dei controlli entro il 30% per le concentrazioni attese di norma nell\u2019aria ambiente contaminata (0,5-25 ppbv).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I primi studi hanno dimostrato la possibilit\u00e0 di ottenere un consistente risparmio di tempo utilizzando una colonna da 30\u202fm anzich\u00e9 da 60\u202fm. La colonna Rxi\u00ae-5Sil MS con configurazione 30 m x 0,32 mm x 1,00 \u00b5m ha permesso di raggiungere tempi di analisi GC inferiori a 20\u202fminuti rispondendo a tutti i criteri del metodo [2]. Nell\u2019ambito di ricerche successive Restek ha ottenuto buoni risultati adottando fasi di tipo 1, 5, 624 e VMS in formati di colonne da 30 m per i 65 VOC atmosferici analizzati pi\u00f9 di frequente (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/global\/it\/chromablography\/air-columns---part-ii-you-only-need-a-30-m-column-for-epa-method-to-15\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">approfondisci i risultati<\/a>) [3]. Tutte le fasi sono state soddisfacenti e ciascuna colonna ha evidenziato vantaggi e svantaggi. La colonna Rtx\u00ae-VMS (30\u202fm x 0,32\u202fmm x 1,80 \u00b5m, cat.#\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/global\/it\/p\/19919\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">19919<\/a>) si \u00e8 distinta come la migliore, nel complesso, per l\u2019analisi dei VOC in campioni di aria da canister, in quanto ha garantito prestazioni cromatografiche eccellenti con VOC polari difficili e buoni tempi di analisi totali (Figura 1). Questi esiti non sorprendono perch\u00e9 la colonna Rtx\u00ae-VMS \u00e8 l\u2019unica in commercio a essere stata sviluppata appositamente per l\u2019analisi dei composti volatili in spettrometria di massa (VMS = Volatile Mass Spec). La chimica della fase e le dimensioni della colonna Rtx\u00ae-VMS, adatte all\u2019uso specifico, hanno consentito di distribuire omogeneamente tutti i VOC nella corsa del GC, senza coeluizioni critiche (Figura 1). \u00c8 importante sottolineare che tutto questo \u00e8 stato ottenuto con un programma GC estremamente semplice utilizzando flussi che si avvicinano a quelli con velocit\u00e0 ottimizzata (SOF) e velocit\u00e0 di riscaldamento ottimali (OHR) fino a 150 \u00b0C (per approfondimenti si veda il\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/blogs\/gnbl4801\/speed-optimized-flow-and-optimal-heating-rate-in-gas-chromatography\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"51796\">Blog di Restek su SOF e OHR<\/a>). Lo stesso obiettivo pu\u00f2 essere raggiunto con altre fasi della colonna, ma con programmi GC pi\u00f9 complessi e regolazioni pi\u00f9 impegnative.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-custom-chromatogram-article-top\"><div class=\"chromatogram-article-placeholder\"><div class=\"figure-heading\"><strong>Figura 1 :<\/strong>\u00a0Sviluppata appositamente per l\u2019analisi MS dei composti volatili, la colonna Rtx\u00ae-VMS di Restek offre nel complesso la migliore separazione dei VOC nei campioni di aria da canister con tempi di analisi di soli 13,5\u202fminuti.<\/div><div class='chromatogram-article-inner-full'><div class=\"chromatogram-article-inner\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-custom-chromatogram-article\"><div class=\"wp-block-custom-chromatogram-article\"><div class=\"chromatogram-image wide-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/images\/cgram\/gc_ar1153.png\" alt=\"TO-15 65 Component Mix on Rtx-VMS (30 m)\" title=\"-\"><\/div><p class=\"article-id\" style=\"text-align:center\"> GC_AR1153<\/p><div class=\"chromatogram-peaks\"><h4>Peaks<\/h4><table class=\"peaks col-lg-4 col-12 peak-33\">\n<thead><tr><th><\/th><th style=\"text-align: left;width: 75px\">Peaks<\/th><th style=\"text-align: center;width: 50px\">t<sub>R<\/sub> (min)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n<tbody><tr><td class=\"num\">1.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Propylene\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/115-07-1\/Propylene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Propylene<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">1.42<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">2.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/75-71-8\/Dichlorodifluoromethane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">1.46<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">3.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 1,2-Dichlorotetrafluoroethane (CFC-114)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/76-14-2\/1,2-Dichlorotetrafluoroethane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1,2-Dichlorotetrafluoroethane (CFC-114)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">1.60<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">4.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Chloromethane\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/74-87-3\/Chloromethane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Chloromethane<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">1.63<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">5.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Vinyl chloride\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/75-01-4\/Vinyl chloride\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Vinyl chloride<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">1.72<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">6.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 1,3-Butadiene\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/106-99-0\/1,3-Butadiene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1,3-Butadiene<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">1.75<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">7.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Bromomethane\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/74-83-9\/Bromomethane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bromomethane<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">2.01<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">8.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Chloroethane\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/75-00-3\/Chloroethane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Chloroethane<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">2.13<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">9.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/75-69-4\/Trichlorofluoromethane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">2.26<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">10.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 1,1-Dichloroethene\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/75-35-4\/1,1-Dichloroethene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1,1-Dichloroethene<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">2.67<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">11.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Carbon disulfide\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/75-15-0\/Carbon disulfide\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Carbon disulfide<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">2.68<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">12.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Ethanol\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/64-17-5\/Ethanol\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ethanol<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">2.70<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">13.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 1,1,2-Trichlorotrifluoroethane (CFC-113)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/76-13-1\/1,1,2-Trichlorotrifluoroethane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1,1,2-Trichlorotrifluoroethane (CFC-113)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">2.72<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">14.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Acrolein\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/107-02-8\/Acrolein\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Acrolein<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">2.96<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">15.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Isopropyl alcohol\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/67-63-0\/Isopropyl alcohol\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Isopropyl alcohol<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">3.14<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">16.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Methylene chloride\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/75-09-2\/Methylene chloride\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Methylene chloride<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">3.14<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">17.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Acetone\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/67-64-1\/Acetone\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Acetone<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">3.19<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">18.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for trans-1,2-Dichloroethene\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/156-60-5\/trans-1,2-Dichloroethene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">trans-1,2-Dichloroethene<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">3.26<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">19.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Hexane\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/110-54-3\/Hexane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Hexane<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">3.33<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">20.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/1634-04-4\/Methyl tert-butyl ether\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">3.37<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">21.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Acetonitrile (contaminant)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/75-05-8\/Acetonitrile\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Acetonitrile (contaminant)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">3.57<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">22.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 1,1-Dichloroethane\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/75-34-3\/1,1-Dichloroethane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1,1-Dichloroethane<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">3.75<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">23.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Vinyl acetate\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/108-05-4\/Vinyl acetate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Vinyl acetate<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">3.97<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody><\/table>\n<table class=\"peaks col-lg-4 col-12 peak-33\"><thead><tr><th><\/th><th style=\"text-align: left;width: 75px\">Peaks<\/th><th style=\"text-align: center;width: 50px\">t<sub>R<\/sub> (min)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">24.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for cis-1,2-Dichloroethene\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/156-59-2\/cis-1,2-Dichloroethene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">cis-1,2-Dichloroethene<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">4.18<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">25.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Cyclohexane\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/110-82-7\/Cyclohexane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cyclohexane<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">4.33<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">26.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Bromochloromethane (IS)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/74-97-5\/Bromochloromethane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bromochloromethane (IS)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">4.34<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">27.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Chloroform\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/67-66-3\/Chloroform\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Chloroform<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">4.40<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">28.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Carbon tetrachloride\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/56-23-5\/Carbon tetrachloride\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Carbon tetrachloride<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">4.50<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">29.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Ethyl acetate\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/141-78-6\/Ethyl acetate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ethyl acetate<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">4.52<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">30.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Tetrahydrofuran\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/109-99-9\/Tetrahydrofuran\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tetrahydrofuran<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">4.53<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">31.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 1,1,1-Trichloroethane\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/71-55-6\/1,1,1-Trichloroethane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1,1,1-Trichloroethane<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">4.56<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">32.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 2-Butanone (MEK)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/78-93-3\/2-Butanone\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2-Butanone (MEK)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">4.66<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">33.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Heptane\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/142-82-5\/Heptane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Heptane<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">4.84<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">34.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Benzene\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/71-43-2\/Benzene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Benzene<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">4.87<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">35.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 1,2-Dichloroethane\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/107-06-2\/1,2-Dichloroethane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1,2-Dichloroethane<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">5.04<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">36.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Trichloroethylene\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/79-01-6\/Trichloroethylene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Trichloroethylene<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">5.36<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">37.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 1,4-Difluorobenzene (IS)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/540-36-3\/1,4-Difluorobenzene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1,4-Difluorobenzene (IS)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">5.40<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">38.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 1,2-Dichloropropane\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/78-87-5\/1,2-Dichloropropane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1,2-Dichloropropane<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">5.83<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">39.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Bromodichloromethane\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/75-27-4\/Bromodichloromethane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bromodichloromethane<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">5.89<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">40.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Methyl methacrylate\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/80-62-6\/Methyl methacrylate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Methyl methacrylate<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">6.05<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">41.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 1,4-Dioxane\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/123-91-1\/1,4-Dioxane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1,4-Dioxane<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">6.11<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">42.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for cis-1,3-Dichloropropene\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/10061-01-5\/cis-1,3-Dichloropropene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">cis-1,3-Dichloropropene<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">6.48<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">43.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Toluene\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/108-88-3\/Toluene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Toluene<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">6.70<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">44.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Tetrachloroethene\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/127-18-4\/Tetrachloroethene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tetrachloroethene<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">7.07<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">45.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 4-Methyl-2-pentanone (MIBK)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/108-10-1\/4-Methyl-2-pentanone\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">4-Methyl-2-pentanone (MIBK)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">7.10<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">46.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for trans-1,3-Dichloropropene\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/10061-02-6\/trans-1,3-Dichloropropene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">trans-1,3-Dichloropropene<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">7.13<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody><\/table>\n<table class=\"peaks col-lg-4 col-12 peak-33\"><thead><tr><th><\/th><th style=\"text-align: left;width: 75px\">Peaks<\/th><th style=\"text-align: center;width: 50px\">t<sub>R<\/sub> (min)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">47.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 1,1,2-Trichloroethane\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/79-00-5\/1,1,2-Trichloroethane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1,1,2-Trichloroethane<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">7.29<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">48.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Dibromochloromethane\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/124-48-1\/Dibromochloromethane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dibromochloromethane<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">7.46<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">49.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 1,2-Dibromoethane\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/106-93-4\/1,2-Dibromoethane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1,2-Dibromoethane<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">7.70<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">50.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 2-Hexanone (MBK)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/591-78-6\/2-Hexanone\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2-Hexanone (MBK)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">7.98<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">51.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Chlorobenzene-d5 (IS)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/3114-55-4\/Chlorobenzene-d5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Chlorobenzene-d5 (IS)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">8.25<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">52.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Chlorobenzene\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/108-90-7\/Chlorobenzene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Chlorobenzene<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">8.27<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">53.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Ethylbenzene\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/100-41-4\/Ethylbenzene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ethylbenzene<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">8.31<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">54.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for m-Xylene\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/108-38-3\/m-Xylene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">m-Xylene<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">8.48<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">55.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for p-Xylene\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/106-42-3\/p-Xylene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">p-Xylene<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">8.48<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">56.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for o-Xylene\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/95-47-6\/o-Xylene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">o-Xylene<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">8.96<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">57.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Styrene\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/100-42-5\/Styrene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Styrene<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">9.02<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">58.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Bromoform\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/75-25-2\/Bromoform\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bromoform<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">9.03<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">59.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 4-Bromofluorobenzene*\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/460-00-4\/4-Bromofluorobenzene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">4-Bromofluorobenzene*<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">9.65<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">60.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/79-34-5\/1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">9.92<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">61.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 4-Ethyltoluene\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/622-96-8\/4-Ethyltoluene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">4-Ethyltoluene<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">9.96<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">62.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/108-67-8\/1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">10.08<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">63.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/95-63-6\/1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">10.55<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">64.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 1,3-Dichlorobenzene\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/541-73-1\/1,3-Dichlorobenzene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1,3-Dichlorobenzene<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">10.92<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">65.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 1,4-Dichlorobenzene\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/106-46-7\/1,4-Dichlorobenzene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1,4-Dichlorobenzene<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">11.04<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">66.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Benzyl chloride\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/100-44-7\/Benzyl chloride\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Benzyl chloride<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">11.37<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">67.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 1,2-Dichlorobenzene\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/95-50-1\/1,2-Dichlorobenzene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1,2-Dichlorobenzene<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">11.57<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">68.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Hexachlorobutadiene\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/87-68-3\/Hexachlorobutadiene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Hexachlorobutadiene<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">13.14<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">69.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/120-82-1\/1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">13.15<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">70.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Naphthalene\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/91-20-3\/Naphthalene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Naphthalene<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">13.42<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody><\/table><div class=\"peaknotes\">*Tuning standard<\/div><\/div><div class=\"chromatogram-conditions\"><h4>Conditions<\/h4><div class=\"conditions-container container-fluid\"><div class=\"row\"><table class=\"conditions col-lg-6 col-12\"><tr><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Column<\/th><td>Rtx-VMS, 30 m, 0.32 mm ID, 1.80 \u00b5m (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/19919?utm_source=chromatograms&amp;utm_medium=link&amp;utm_campaign=GC_AR1153\" rel=\"noopener\">cat.# 19919<\/a>)<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Standard\/Sample<\/th><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>TO-15 65 component mix (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/34436?utm_source=chromatograms&amp;utm_medium=link&amp;utm_campaign=GC_AR1153\" rel=\"noopener\">cat.# 34436<\/a>)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>TO-14A internal standard\/tuning mix (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/34408?utm_source=chromatograms&amp;utm_medium=link&amp;utm_campaign=GC_AR1153\" rel=\"noopener\">cat.# 34408<\/a>)<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Diluent:<\/th><td>Nitrogen<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Conc.:<\/th><td>10.0 ppbv 200 cc injection<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Injection<\/th><td>Direct<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\" colspan=\"2\">Oven<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Oven Temp.:<\/th><td>32 &#176;C (hold 1 min) to 150 &#176;C at 11 &#176;C\/min (hold 0 min) to 230 &#176;C at 33 &#176;C\/min (hold 0 min)<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Carrier Gas<\/th><td>He, constant flow<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Flow Rate:<\/th><td>2.0 mL\/min<tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Linear Velocity:<\/th><td>51 cm\/sec @ 32 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><\/table><table class=\"conditions col-lg-6 col-12\"><tr><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Detector<\/th><td>MS<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Mode:<\/th><td>Scan<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Scan Program:<\/th><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"text-align:left\" colspan=\"2\"><table class=\"conditions_sim\"><thead><tr><th style=\"padding: 0 5px\">Group<\/th><th style=\"padding: 0 5px\">Start Time<br \/>(min)<\/th><th style=\"padding: 0 5px\">Scan Range<br \/>(amu)<\/th><th style=\"padding: 0 5px\">Scan Rate<br \/>(scans\/sec)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>1<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>35-250<\/td><td>3.32<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Transfer Line Temp.:<\/th><td>230 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Analyzer Type:<\/th><td>Quadrupole <\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Source Temp.:<\/th><td>230 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Quad Temp.:<\/th><td>150 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Electron Energy:<\/th><td>69.9 eV<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Solvent Delay Time:<\/th><td>1.0  min<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Tune Type:<\/th><td>BFB <\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Ionization Mode:<\/th><td>EI <\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Preconcentrator<\/th><td>Nutech 8900DS<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">&nbsp;&nbsp;Trap 1 Settings<\/th><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">&nbsp;&nbsp;Type\/Sorbent :<\/th><td>Glass beads <\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">&nbsp;&nbsp;Cooling temp:<\/th><td>-155 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">&nbsp;&nbsp;Preheat temp:<\/th><td>5 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">&nbsp;&nbsp;Preheat time:<\/th><td>0 sec<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">&nbsp;&nbsp;Desorb temp:<\/th><td>20 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">&nbsp;&nbsp;Desorb flow:<\/th><td>5 mL\/min<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">&nbsp;&nbsp;Desorb time:<\/th><td>360 sec<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">&nbsp;&nbsp;Bakeout temp:<\/th><td>200 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">&nbsp;&nbsp;Flush flow:<\/th><td>120 mL\/min<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">&nbsp;&nbsp;Flush time:<\/th><td>60 sec<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">&nbsp;&nbsp;Sweep flow:<\/th><td>120 mL\/min<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">&nbsp;&nbsp;Sweep time:<\/th><td>60 sec<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">&nbsp;&nbsp;Trap 2 Settings<\/th><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">&nbsp;&nbsp;Type\/Sorbent:<\/th><td>Tenax <\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">&nbsp;&nbsp;Cooling temp:<\/th><td>-35 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">&nbsp;&nbsp;Desorb temp:<\/th><td>190 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">&nbsp;&nbsp;Desorb time:<\/th><td>30 sec<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">&nbsp;&nbsp;Bakeout temp:<\/th><td>200 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">&nbsp;&nbsp;Bakeout time:<\/th><td>10 sec<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">&nbsp;&nbsp;Cryofocuser<\/th><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">&nbsp;&nbsp;Cooling temp:<\/th><td>-160 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">&nbsp;&nbsp;Inject time:<\/th><td>140 sec<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">&nbsp;&nbsp;Internal Standard<\/th><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">&nbsp;&nbsp;Purge flow:<\/th><td>100 mL\/min<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">&nbsp;&nbsp;Purge time:<\/th><td>6 sec<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">&nbsp;&nbsp;Vol.:<\/th><td>20 mL<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">&nbsp;&nbsp;ISTD flow:<\/th><td>100 mL\/min<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">&nbsp;&nbsp;Standard<\/th><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">&nbsp;&nbsp;Size:<\/th><td>200 mL<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">&nbsp;&nbsp;Purge flow:<\/th><td>100 mL\/min<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">&nbsp;&nbsp;Purge time:<\/th><td>6 sec<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">&nbsp;&nbsp;Sample flow:<\/th><td>100 mL\/min<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Instrument<\/th><td>HP6890  GC &amp; 5973 MSD<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Acknowledgement<\/th><td>Nutech<\/td><\/tr><\/table><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chromatogram-pdf-link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/images\/cgram\/gc_ar1153.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 18 18\"><g data-name=\"Group 2996\"><path data-name=\"Rectangle 1246\" d=\"M0 0h18v18H0z\" style=\"fill: none;\"><\/path><\/g><g data-name=\"Group 2997\"><path data-name=\"Path 729\" d=\"M13.412 11.4v2.017H5.345V11.4H4v2.017a1.349 1.349 0 0 0 1.345 1.345h8.068a1.349 1.349 0 0 0 1.345-1.345V11.4zm-.672-2.694-.948-.948-1.741 1.735V4H8.706v5.493L6.965 7.758l-.948.948 3.361 3.361z\" transform=\"translate(-.437 -.414)\" style=\"fill: rgb(13, 123, 196);\"><\/path><\/g><\/svg>Download PDF<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Inoltre, come illustrato in Figura 2, rispetto agli altri tipi di fase la polarit\u00e0 media e la selettivit\u00e0 unica della colonna Rtx\u00ae-VMS producono picchi di forma notevolmente migliore (cio\u00e8 senza il minimo scodamento) nell\u2019analisi dei VOC polari in campioni di aria da canister (soprattutto per etanolo e alcool isopropilico). Forme del picco estremamente simmetriche agevolano e rendono pi\u00f9 attendibili le integrazioni, conferendo in generale maggiore accuratezza e precisione.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-custom-chromatogram-article-top\"><div class=\"chromatogram-article-placeholder\"><div class=\"figure-heading\"><strong>Figura 2:<\/strong>\u00a0I picchi simmetrici ottenuti grazie alla colonna Rtx\u00ae-VMS garantiscono risultati pi\u00f9 precisi per i VOC polari nei campioni di aria da canister (per es. etanolo).<\/div><div class='chromatogram-article-inner-full'><div class=\"chromatogram-article-inner\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-custom-chromatogram-article\"><div class=\"wp-block-custom-chromatogram-article\"><div class=\"chromatogram-image regular-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/images\/cgram\/gc_ar1164.png\" alt=\"Ethanol on Rtx-VMS\" title=\"-\"><\/div><p class=\"article-id\" style=\"text-align:center\"> GC_AR1164<\/p><div class=\"chromatogram-peaks\"><h4>Peaks<\/h4><table class=\"peaks col-lg-6 col-12\">\n<thead><tr><th><\/th><th style=\"text-align: left;width: 75px\">Peaks<\/th><th style=\"text-align: center;width: 75px\">t<sub>R<\/sub> (min)<\/th><th style=\"text-align: center;width: 75px\">Ion 1<\/th><th style=\"text-align: center;width: 75px\">Ion 2 <\/th><th style=\"text-align: center;width: 75px\">Ion 3<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n<tbody><tr><td class=\"num\">1.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Ethanol\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/64-17-5\/Ethanol\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ethanol<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">2.689<\/td><td class=\"oth\">45.0<\/td><td class=\"oth\">46.0<\/td><td class=\"oth\">43.0<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"chromatogram-conditions\"><h4>Conditions<\/h4><div class=\"conditions-container container-fluid\"><div class=\"row\"><table class=\"conditions col-lg-6 col-12\"><tr><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Column<\/th><td>Rtx-VMS, 30 m, 0.25 mm ID, 1.40 \u00b5m (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/19915?utm_source=chromatograms&amp;utm_medium=link&amp;utm_campaign=GC_AR1164\" rel=\"noopener\">cat.# 19915<\/a>)<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Standard\/Sample<\/th><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>75 Comp TO15 + NJ mix (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/34396?utm_source=chromatograms&amp;utm_medium=link&amp;utm_campaign=GC_AR1164\" rel=\"noopener\">cat.# 34396<\/a>)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>TO-14A internal standard\/tuning mix (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/34408?utm_source=chromatograms&amp;utm_medium=link&amp;utm_campaign=GC_AR1164\" rel=\"noopener\">cat.# 34408<\/a>)<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Diluent:<\/th><td>Nitrogen<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Conc.:<\/th><td>10.0 ppbv 250 mL injection<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Injection<\/th><td>Direct<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\" colspan=\"2\">Oven<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Oven Temp.:<\/th><td>32.0 &#176;C (hold 5 min) to 150 &#176;C at 8 &#176;C\/min to 230 &#176;C at 33 &#176;C\/min<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Carrier Gas<\/th><td>He, constant flow<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Flow Rate:<\/th><td>2.0 mL\/min<tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Linear Velocity:<\/th><td>51 cm\/sec @ 32 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><\/table><table class=\"conditions col-lg-6 col-12\"><tr><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Detector<\/th><td>MS<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Mode:<\/th><td>Scan<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Scan Program:<\/th><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"text-align:left\" colspan=\"2\"><table class=\"conditions_sim\"><thead><tr><th style=\"padding: 0 5px\">Group<\/th><th style=\"padding: 0 5px\">Start Time<br \/>(min)<\/th><th style=\"padding: 0 5px\">Scan Range<br \/>(amu)<\/th><th style=\"padding: 0 5px\">Scan Rate<br \/>(scans\/sec)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>1<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>35-250<\/td><td>3.32<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Transfer Line Temp.:<\/th><td>230 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Analyzer Type:<\/th><td>Quadrupole <\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Source Type:<\/th><td>Extractor <\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Extractor Lens:<\/th><td>6 mm ID<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Source Temp.:<\/th><td>230 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Quad Temp.:<\/th><td>150 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Electron Energy:<\/th><td>70 eV<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Tune Type:<\/th><td>BFB <\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Ionization Mode:<\/th><td>EI <\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Preconcentrator<\/th><td>Markes CIA Advantage<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Instrument<\/th><td>Agilent 7890B GC &amp; 5977A MSD<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Acknowledgement<\/th><td>Markes International<\/td><\/tr><\/table><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chromatogram-pdf-link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/images\/cgram\/gc_ar1164.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 18 18\"><g data-name=\"Group 2996\"><path data-name=\"Rectangle 1246\" d=\"M0 0h18v18H0z\" style=\"fill: none;\"><\/path><\/g><g data-name=\"Group 2997\"><path data-name=\"Path 729\" d=\"M13.412 11.4v2.017H5.345V11.4H4v2.017a1.349 1.349 0 0 0 1.345 1.345h8.068a1.349 1.349 0 0 0 1.345-1.345V11.4zm-.672-2.694-.948-.948-1.741 1.735V4H8.706v5.493L6.965 7.758l-.948.948 3.361 3.361z\" transform=\"translate(-.437 -.414)\" style=\"fill: rgb(13, 123, 196);\"><\/path><\/g><\/svg>Download PDF<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Da ultimo, nonostante la spettrometria di massa consenta di determinare diversi VOC coeluenti in campioni di aria da canister, i composti che presentano ioni condivisi (come butano e 1,3-butadiene) non possono essere quantificati in modo accurato con questa tecnica se non vengono separati cromatograficamente. Butano e 1,3-butadiene non coeluiscono sulla colonna Rtx\u00ae-VMS come invece accade spesso su altre fasi, che \u201cgonfiano\u201d artificiosamente le concentrazioni. Poich\u00e9 la colonna Rtx\u00ae-VMS non ha dato luogo ad alcuna coeluizione critica per i 65 VOC in esame, la raccomandiamo come prima scelta nei casi in cui la separazione cromatografica \u00e8 essenziale.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-custom-chromatogram-article-top\"><div class=\"chromatogram-article-placeholder\"><div class=\"figure-heading\"><strong>Figura 3:<\/strong>\u00a0La colonna Rtx\u00ae-VMS offre risultati pi\u00f9 precisi perch\u00e9 \u00e8 in grado di separare cromatograficamente i VOC che coeluiscono e non possono quindi essere determinati solo con MS.<\/div><div class='chromatogram-article-inner-full'><div class=\"chromatogram-article-inner\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-custom-chromatogram-article\"><div class=\"wp-block-custom-chromatogram-article\"><div class=\"chromatogram-image regular-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/images\/cgram\/gc_ar1163.png\" alt=\"Butane and 1,3-Butadiene on Rtx-VMS\" title=\"-\"><\/div><p class=\"article-id\" style=\"text-align:center\"> GC_AR1163<\/p><div class=\"chromatogram-peaks\"><h4>Peaks<\/h4><table class=\"peaks col-lg-6 col-12\">\n<thead><tr><th><\/th><th style=\"text-align: left;width: 75px\">Peaks<\/th><th style=\"text-align: center;width: 75px\">t<sub>R<\/sub> (min)<\/th><th style=\"text-align: center;width: 75px\">Ion 1<\/th><th style=\"text-align: center;width: 75px\">Ion 2 <\/th><th style=\"text-align: center;width: 75px\">Ion 3<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n<tbody><tr><td class=\"num\">1.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for n-Butane\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/106-97-8\/n-Butane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">n-Butane<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">1.461<\/td><td class=\"oth\">43.0<\/td><td class=\"oth\">41.0<\/td><td class=\"oth\">39.0<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">2.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 1,3-Butadiene\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/106-99-0\/1,3-Butadiene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1,3-Butadiene<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">1.521<\/td><td class=\"oth\">39.0<\/td><td class=\"oth\">54.0<\/td><td class=\"oth\">53.0<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"chromatogram-conditions\"><h4>Conditions<\/h4><div class=\"conditions-container container-fluid\"><div class=\"row\"><table class=\"conditions col-lg-6 col-12\"><tr><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Column<\/th><td>Rtx-VMS, 30 m, 0.25 mm ID, 1.40 \u00b5m (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/19915?utm_source=chromatograms&amp;utm_medium=link&amp;utm_campaign=GC_AR1163\" rel=\"noopener\">cat.# 19915<\/a>)<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Standard\/Sample<\/th><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>75 Comp TO15 + NJ mix (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/34396?utm_source=chromatograms&amp;utm_medium=link&amp;utm_campaign=GC_AR1163\" rel=\"noopener\">cat.# 34396<\/a>)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>TO-14A internal standard\/tuning mix (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/34408?utm_source=chromatograms&amp;utm_medium=link&amp;utm_campaign=GC_AR1163\" rel=\"noopener\">cat.# 34408<\/a>)<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Diluent:<\/th><td>Nitrogen<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Conc.:<\/th><td>10.0 ppbv 250 mL injection<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Injection<\/th><td>Direct<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\" colspan=\"2\">Oven<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Oven Temp.:<\/th><td>32.0 &#176;C (hold 5 min) to 150 &#176;C at 8 &#176;C\/min to 230 &#176;C at 33 &#176;C\/min<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Carrier Gas<\/th><td>He, constant flow<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Flow Rate:<\/th><td>2.0 mL\/min<tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Linear Velocity:<\/th><td>51 cm\/sec @ 32 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><\/table><table class=\"conditions col-lg-6 col-12\"><tr><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Detector<\/th><td>MS<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Mode:<\/th><td>Scan<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Scan Program:<\/th><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"text-align:left\" colspan=\"2\"><table class=\"conditions_sim\"><thead><tr><th style=\"padding: 0 5px\">Group<\/th><th style=\"padding: 0 5px\">Start Time<br \/>(min)<\/th><th style=\"padding: 0 5px\">Scan Range<br \/>(amu)<\/th><th style=\"padding: 0 5px\">Scan Rate<br \/>(scans\/sec)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>1<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>35-250<\/td><td>3.32<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Transfer Line Temp.:<\/th><td>230 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Analyzer Type:<\/th><td>Quadrupole <\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Source Type:<\/th><td>Extractor <\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Extractor Lens:<\/th><td>6 mm ID<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Source Temp.:<\/th><td>230 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Quad Temp.:<\/th><td>150 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Electron Energy:<\/th><td>70 eV<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Tune Type:<\/th><td>BFB <\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Ionization Mode:<\/th><td>EI <\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Preconcentrator<\/th><td>Markes CIA Advantage<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Instrument<\/th><td>Agilent 7890B GC &amp; 5977A MSD<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Acknowledgement<\/th><td>Markes International<\/td><\/tr><\/table><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chromatogram-pdf-link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/images\/cgram\/gc_ar1163.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 18 18\"><g data-name=\"Group 2996\"><path data-name=\"Rectangle 1246\" d=\"M0 0h18v18H0z\" style=\"fill: none;\"><\/path><\/g><g data-name=\"Group 2997\"><path data-name=\"Path 729\" d=\"M13.412 11.4v2.017H5.345V11.4H4v2.017a1.349 1.349 0 0 0 1.345 1.345h8.068a1.349 1.349 0 0 0 1.345-1.345V11.4zm-.672-2.694-.948-.948-1.741 1.735V4H8.706v5.493L6.965 7.758l-.948.948 3.361 3.361z\" transform=\"translate(-.437 -.414)\" style=\"fill: rgb(13, 123, 196);\"><\/path><\/g><\/svg>Download PDF<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Per concludere, i laboratori che effettuano analisi dei VOC in campioni di aria da canister con il metodo TO-15 devono tenere a mente che si tratta di un metodo orientato alle prestazioni. Questo aspetto permette flessibilit\u00e0 alle strutture che desiderano accelerare i tempi di analisi sostituendo una colonna da 60 m con una da 30 m. Sebbene siano molte le colonne da 30\u202fm che permettono di raggiungere ottimi risultati (per esempio le Rxi\u00ae-1ms, Rxi\u00ae-5ms, Rxi\u00ae-5Sil MS e Rxi\u00ae-624Sil MS), la Rtx\u00ae-VMS rimane quella con le migliori prestazioni complessive, ed \u00e8 quindi particolarmente consigliata quando l\u2019elenco degli analiti target comprende VOC polari o che coeluiscono. I picchi estremamente simmetrici e l\u2019assenza di coeluizioni critiche migliorano le calibrazioni, i MDL e la precisione delle repliche.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bibliografia<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Compendium Method TO-15, Determination of volatile organic compounds [VOCs] in air collected in specially-prepared canisters and analyzed by gas chromatography\/mass spectrometry (GC\/MS), January 1999.&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www3.epa.gov\/ttnamti1\/files\/ambient\/airtox\/to-15r.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">http:\/\/www3.epa.gov\/ttnamti1\/files\/ambient\/airtox\/to-15r.pdf<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>J.S. Herrington, Rapid determination of TO-15 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in air, Application note, EVAN1725A-UNV, Restek Corporation, 2014.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/application-notes\/evan1725\/rapid-determination-of-to-15-volatile-organic-compounds-vocs-in-air\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"39939\">https:\/\/www.restek.com\/articles\/rapid-determination-of-TO-15-volatile-organic-compounds-VOCs-in-air\/<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>J.S. Herrington, Air columns \u2013 part II: You only need a 30 m column for EPA Method TO-15!, ChromaBLOGraphy, Restek Corporation, 2013.\u00a0https:\/\/www.restek.com\/chromablography\/air-columns&#8212;part-ii-you-only-need-a-30-m-column-for-epa-method-to-15\/<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>J. Cochran, Speed optimized flow and optimal heating rate in gas chromatography, ChromaBLOGraphy, Restek Corporation, 2010.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/blogs\/gnbl4801\/speed-optimized-flow-and-optimal-heating-rate-in-gas-chromatography\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"51796\">https:\/\/www.restek.com\/chromablography\/speed-optimized-flow-and-optimal-heating-rate-in-gas-chromatography\/<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Poich\u00e9 il Metodo TO-15 \u00e8 un metodo basato sulle prestazioni per l&#8217;analisi dei COV in campioni di aria intera, i laboratori hanno la possibilit\u00e0 di utilizzare qualsiasi colonna GC che soddisfi i criteri di prestazione. \u00c8 possibile utilizzare colonne pi\u00f9 corte per ridurre i tempi di analisi e selezionare fasi stazionarie che separino le celuzioni difficili. Dopo aver valutato un&#8217;ampia gamma di colonne, la colonna Rtx-VMS offre le migliori prestazioni complessive ed \u00e8 particolarmente consigliata quando nell&#8217;elenco degli analiti target sono inclusi composti polari o coeluenti.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kadence_starter_templates_imported_post":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[788],"tags":[],"industries-application":[2253,2254],"post-badge":[],"resource-type":[],"product-library":[2521,2528,2515,2516,2518,2524],"resource-technique":[2331,2332,2336],"hf_cat_post":[650],"ppma_author":[445],"class_list":["post-43409","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-articoli","industries-application-ambientale","industries-application-analisi-dellaria","product-library-canister-accessori","product-library-colonne-gc","product-library-prodotti-per-campionamento-dellaria-e-dei-gas","product-library-prodotti-per-gascromatografia","product-library-standard-di-riferimento","product-library-standard-gassosi-accessori","resource-technique-campionamento-dellaria","resource-technique-gascromatografia-gc","resource-technique-spettometria-di-massa-ms"],"acf":[],"taxonomy_info":{"category":[{"value":788,"label":"Articoli"}],"industries-application":[{"value":2253,"label":"Ambientale"},{"value":2254,"label":"Analisi dell\u2019Aria"}],"product-library":[{"value":2521,"label":"Canister e Accessori"},{"value":2528,"label":"Colonne GC"},{"value":2515,"label":"Prodotti per Campionamento dell'Aria e dei Gas"},{"value":2516,"label":"Prodotti per Gascromatografia"},{"value":2518,"label":"Standard di Riferimento"},{"value":2524,"label":"Standard Gassosi e Accessori"}],"resource-technique":[{"value":2331,"label":"Campionamento dell\u2019Aria"},{"value":2332,"label":"Gascromatografia (GC)"},{"value":2336,"label":"Spettometria di Massa (MS)"}]},"featured_image_src_large":false,"author_info":{"display_name":"Jason S. 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