{"id":43870,"date":"2020-10-28T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-10-28T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/uncategorized\/faster-detailed-hydrocarbon-analysis-dha-using-hydrogen\/"},"modified":"2025-12-08T14:40:38","modified_gmt":"2025-12-08T14:40:38","slug":"faster-detailed-hydrocarbon-analysis-dha-using-hydrogen","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/it\/artikel\/pcar2891\/faster-detailed-hydrocarbon-analysis-dha-using-hydrogen","title":{"rendered":"Faster Detailed Hydrocarbon Analysis (DHA) Using Hydrogen"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Column meets or exceeds all ASTM D6730-01 (2016) and Canadian General Standards Board method requirements.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>More than 50% faster analysis (C13 retention time &lt;71 minutes).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Excellent response and peak symmetry for polar oxygenates.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Guaranteed column-to-column reproducibility for retention, column efficiency, selectivity, peak symmetry, resolution, and bleed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Accurate information about the concentrations of individual components in gasolines is critical for evaluating raw materials and controlling refinery processes. A high-resolution GC method for detailed hydrocarbon analysis (DHA) of gasolines is outlined in ASTM International (ASTM) Method D6730-01 (2016). ASTM D6730-01 (2016) is specific for the analysis of hydrocarbon components, plus oxygenated additives such as methanol, ethanol,&nbsp;<em>tert<\/em>-butanol, methyl&nbsp;<em>tert<\/em>-butyl ether (MTBE), and&nbsp;<em>tert<\/em>-amyl methyl ether (TAME) in spark-ignition engine fuels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Historically, columns for DHA analysis have had several performance challenges, primarily centering on inertness and selectivity. Highly inert columns are required for the accurate analysis of polar compounds and inadequately deactivated columns result in poor peak symmetry and unpredictable retention times as demonstrated in Figure 1B. Similarly, developing columns with adequate selectivity for resolving key aromatics such as benzene, toluene, and&nbsp;<em>p<\/em>-xylene has also been difficult. Both of these issues have been overcome with Rtx-DHA columns, which allow accurate quantitative analysis and more precise control of blending (Figure 1A).<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-custom-chromatogram-article-top\"><div class=\"chromatogram-article-placeholder\"><div class=\"figure-heading\"><strong>Figure 1:<\/strong>\u00a0Rtx-DHA-100 columns are highly inert, resulting in sharp oxygenate peaks that elute at predictable retention times for more accurate detailed hydrocarbon analysis. (Oven temperature = 5 \u00b0C)<\/div><div class='chromatogram-article-inner-full'><div class=\"chromatogram-article-inner\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-custom-chromatogram-article\"><div class=\"wp-block-custom-chromatogram-article\"><div class=\"chromatogram-image regular-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/images\/cgram\/gc_pc01098.png\" alt=\"DHA Column Inertness Comparison Using Oxy Setup\" title=\"-\"><\/div><p class=\"article-id\" style=\"text-align:center\"> GC_PC01098<\/p><div class=\"chromatogram-peaks\"><h4>Peaks<\/h4><table class=\"peaks col-lg-4 col-12\">\n<thead><tr><th><\/th><th style=\"text-align: left;width: 75px\">Peaks<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n<tbody><tr><td class=\"num\">1.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Ethanol\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/64-17-5\/Ethanol\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ethanol<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">2.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Pentane (C5)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/109-66-0\/Pentane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pentane (C5)<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">3.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for tert-Butanol\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/75-65-0\/tert-Butanol\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">tert-Butanol<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">4.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 2-Methylbutene-2\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/513-35-9\/2-Methylbutene-2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2-Methylbutene-2<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"chromatogram-conditions\"><h4>Conditions<\/h4><div class=\"conditions-container container-fluid\"><div class=\"row\"><table class=\"conditions col-lg-6 col-12\"><tr><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Column<\/th><td>Comparison of competitor column and Rtx-DHA-100 column, 100 m, 0.25 mm ID, 0.50 \u00b5m (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/10148?utm_source=chromatograms&amp;utm_medium=link&amp;utm_campaign=GC_PC01098\" rel=\"noopener\">cat.# 10148<\/a>)<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Standard\/Sample<\/th><td>Oxy setup blend, neat<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Injection<\/th><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Inj. Vol.:<\/th><td>0.1 \u00b5L split (split ratio 150:1)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Liner:<\/th><td>4 mm ID deactivated cup inlet liner<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Inj. Temp.:<\/th><td>250 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\" colspan=\"2\">Oven<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Oven Temp.:<\/th><td>5 &#176;C<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Carrier Gas<\/th><td>H<sub>2<\/sub>, constant flow<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Flow Rate:<\/th><td>3.62 mL\/min<tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Linear Velocity:<\/th><td>55 cm\/sec<\/td><\/tr><\/table><table class=\"conditions col-lg-6 col-12\"><tr><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Detector<\/th><td>FID @ 300 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Notes<\/th><td>The chromatograms are aligned on pentane (C5). <br \/><br \/>Note that the analytical column was originally named Rtx-1 PONA cat.# 10195; it has since been renamed (no other changes) Rtx-DHA-100 (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/10148?utm_source=chromatograms&amp;utm_medium=link&amp;utm_campaign=GC_PC01098\" rel=\"noopener\">cat.# 10148<\/a>).<br \/><br \/>GC inlet liner cat.# 20709 was used to produce this chromatogram. It has been replaced by Cup Splitter Inlet Liner (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/20710?utm_source=chromatograms&amp;utm_medium=link&amp;utm_campaign=GC_PC01098\" rel=\"noopener\">cat.# 20710<\/a>).<\/td><\/tr><\/table><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chromatogram-pdf-link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/images\/cgram\/gc_pc01098.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 18 18\"><g data-name=\"Group 2996\"><path data-name=\"Rectangle 1246\" d=\"M0 0h18v18H0z\" style=\"fill: none;\"><\/path><\/g><g data-name=\"Group 2997\"><path data-name=\"Path 729\" d=\"M13.412 11.4v2.017H5.345V11.4H4v2.017a1.349 1.349 0 0 0 1.345 1.345h8.068a1.349 1.349 0 0 0 1.345-1.345V11.4zm-.672-2.694-.948-.948-1.741 1.735V4H8.706v5.493L6.965 7.758l-.948.948 3.361 3.361z\" transform=\"translate(-.437 -.414)\" style=\"fill: rgb(13, 123, 196);\"><\/path><\/g><\/svg>Download PDF<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Restek worked in a long-term collaboration with the late Neil Johansen (who passed away September 20, 2011 and was one of the original DHA method developers) to engineer a selective and highly inert DHA column that meets or exceeds all ASTM D6730-01 (2016) and Canadian General Standards Board (CGSB) requirements. Originally, this column was sold as the Rtx-1 PONA column, but it has been renamed as the&nbsp;Rtx-DHA&nbsp;column line, for better alignment with method nomenclature. No changes were made to manufacturing, so the columns and chromatographic performance are exactly the same. In addition to meeting or exceeding all method parameters, Rtx-DHA columns are exceptionally robust. They can be used with either helium or with hydrogen carrier gas under an accelerated temperature program, providing an effective option for significantly increasing sample throughput without compromising chromatographic performance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">51% Faster Run Times with Hydrogen<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>While D6730-01 (2016) specifies helium as the carrier gas, hydrogen is a better alternative because it can be used at higher linear velocities without compromising critical separations. For detailed hydrocarbon analysis, using hydrogen as the carrier gas offers some distinct advantages over helium: (1) it can be used at twice the linear velocity, and (2) it is less expensive and more readily available. Despite these advantages, some labs have reservations regarding the safety of using hydrogen. In fact, with basic precautions, hydrogen can be used safely and reliably, particularly when hydrogen generators are used instead of freestanding cylinders (1,2). As shown in the chromatogram in Figure 2, which was generated by Neil Johansen using hydrogen carrier gas, all critical components are resolved in a greatly reduced run time of 71 minutes versus a typical run time of 146 minutes. This analysis time savings of more than 50% has the potential to virtually double sample throughput.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-custom-chromatogram-article-top\"><div class=\"chromatogram-article-placeholder\"><div class=\"figure-heading\"><strong>Figure 2:<\/strong>\u00a0Increase sample throughput and cut analysis times in half without compromising resolution by using hydrogen instead of helium.<\/div><div class='chromatogram-article-inner-full'><div class=\"chromatogram-article-inner\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-custom-chromatogram-article\"><div class=\"wp-block-custom-chromatogram-article\"><div class=\"chromatogram-image wide-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/images\/cgram\/gc_pc00774.png\" alt=\"Fast Detailed Hydrocarbons Analysis (DHA) on Rtx-DHA-100\/Rtx-5 DHA\" title=\"-\"><\/div><p class=\"article-id\" style=\"text-align:center\"> GC_PC00774<\/p><div class=\"chromatogram-peaks\"><h4>Peaks<\/h4><table class=\"peaks col-lg-6 col-12 peak-50\">\n<thead><tr><th><\/th><th style=\"text-align: left;width: 75px\">Peaks<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n<tbody><tr><td class=\"num\">1.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Ethanol\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/64-17-5\/Ethanol\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ethanol<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">2.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Pentane (C5)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/109-66-0\/Pentane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pentane (C5)<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">3.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for tert-Butanol\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/75-65-0\/tert-Butanol\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">tert-Butanol<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">4.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 2-Methylbutene-2\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/513-35-9\/2-Methylbutene-2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2-Methylbutene-2<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">5.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 2,3-Dimethylbutane\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/79-29-8\/2,3-Dimethylbutane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2,3-Dimethylbutane<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">6.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/1634-04-4\/Methyl tert-butyl ether\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE)<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">7.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Hexane (C6)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/110-54-3\/Hexane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Hexane (C6)<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">8.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 1-Methylcyclopentene\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/693-89-0\/1-Methylcyclopentene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1-Methylcyclopentene<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">9.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Benzene\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/71-43-2\/Benzene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Benzene<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">10.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Cyclohexane\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/110-82-7\/Cyclohexane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cyclohexane<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">11.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 3-Ethylpentane\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/617-78-7\/3-Ethylpentane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">3-Ethylpentane<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">12.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 1,2-Dimethylcyclopentane\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/2452-99-5\/1,2-Dimethylcyclopentane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1,2-Dimethylcyclopentane<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">13.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Heptane (C7)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/142-82-5\/Heptane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Heptane (C7)<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">14.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 2,2,3-Trimethylpentane\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/564-02-3\/2,2,3-Trimethylpentane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2,2,3-Trimethylpentane<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">15.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 2,3,3-Trimethylpentane\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/560-21-4\/2,3,3-Trimethylpentane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2,3,3-Trimethylpentane<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody><\/table>\n<table class=\"peaks col-lg-6 col-12 peak-50\"><thead><tr><th><\/th><th style=\"text-align: left;width: 75px\">Peaks<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">16.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Toluene\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/108-88-3\/Toluene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Toluene<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">17.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Octane (C8)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/111-65-9\/Octane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Octane (C8)<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">18.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Ethylbenzene\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/100-41-4\/Ethylbenzene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ethylbenzene<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">19.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for p-Xylene\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/106-42-3\/p-Xylene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">p-Xylene<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">20.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 2,3-Dimethylheptane\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/3074-71-3\/2,3-Dimethylheptane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2,3-Dimethylheptane<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">21.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Nonane (C9)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/111-84-2\/Nonane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nonane (C9)<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">22.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 5-Methylnonane\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/15869-85-9\/5-Methylnonane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">5-Methylnonane<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">23.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\">1,2-Methylethylbenzene<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">24.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Decane (C10)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/124-18-5\/Decane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Decane (C10)<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">25.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Undecane (C11)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/1120-21-4\/Undecane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Undecane (C11)<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">26.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 1,2,3,5-Tetramethylbenzene\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/527-53-7\/1,2,3,5-Tetramethylbenzene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1,2,3,5-Tetramethylbenzene<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">27.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Naphthalene\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/91-20-3\/Naphthalene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Naphthalene<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">28.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for n-Dodecane (C12)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/112-40-3\/n-Dodecane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">n-Dodecane (C12)<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">29.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for 1-Methylnaphthalene\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/90-12-0\/1-Methylnaphthalene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1-Methylnaphthalene<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">30.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Tridecane (C13)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/629-50-5\/Tridecane\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tridecane (C13)<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"chromatogram-conditions\"><h4>Conditions<\/h4><div class=\"conditions-container container-fluid\"><div class=\"row\"><table class=\"conditions col-lg-6 col-12\"><tr><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Column<\/th><td>Rtx-DHA-100, 100 m, 0.25 mm ID, 0.50 \u00b5m (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/10148?utm_source=chromatograms&amp;utm_medium=link&amp;utm_campaign=GC_PC00774\" rel=\"noopener\">cat.# 10148<\/a>)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>using Rtx-5 DHA tuning column* 2-5 m, 0.25 mm ID,<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Standard\/Sample<\/th><td>DHA\/oxygenates setup blend <\/td><\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Injection<\/th><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Inj. Vol.:<\/th><td>0.1 \u00b5L split (split ratio 150:1)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Liner:<\/th><td>4 mm ID deactivated cup inlet liner<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Inj. Temp.:<\/th><td>250 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Carrier Gas<\/th><td>H<sub>2<\/sub>, constant flow<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Flow Rate:<\/th><td>3.62 mL\/min<tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Linear Velocity:<\/th><td>55 cm\/sec<\/td><\/tr><\/table><table class=\"conditions col-lg-6 col-12\"><tr><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Detector<\/th><td>FID @ 300 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Notes<\/th><td>GC inlet liner cat.# 20835 was used to produce this chromatogram. It has been replaced by Cup Splitter Inlet Liner (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/20836?utm_source=chromatograms&amp;utm_medium=link&amp;utm_campaign=GC_PC00774\" rel=\"noopener\">cat.# 20836<\/a>).<br \/><br \/><br \/>*Note that the exact length of the tuning column was determined experimentally based on the resolution of critical pairs as per method D6730-01 (reapproved 2011).<br \/><br \/><b>Oven Temp.<\/b><br \/>A: 35 \u00b0C<br \/>B: 5 \u00b0C (hold 8.32 min) (elute C5) to 48 \u00b0C at 22 \u00b0C\/min (hold 26.32 min) (elute ethylbenzene) to 141 \u00b0C at 3.20 \u00b0C\/min (elute C12) to 300 \u00b0C at 1 \u00b0C\/min<br \/><br \/><br \/><b>A: Front end of DHA\/oxygenates setup blend<\/b><br \/>C5 Efficiency: 586,825 plates<br \/>C5 k&#8217;: 0.476<br \/><i>tert<\/i>-Butanol skew: 2.10<br \/>Resolution: <i>tert<\/i>-Butanol\/2-methylbutene-2: 5.39<br \/><br \/><br \/><\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Acknowledgement<\/th><td>Chromatogram courtesy of Neil Johansen, Inc., Aztec, New Mexico, in association with Envantage Analytical Software, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio.<\/td><\/tr><\/table><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chromatogram-pdf-link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/images\/cgram\/gc_pc00774.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 18 18\"><g data-name=\"Group 2996\"><path data-name=\"Rectangle 1246\" d=\"M0 0h18v18H0z\" style=\"fill: none;\"><\/path><\/g><g data-name=\"Group 2997\"><path data-name=\"Path 729\" d=\"M13.412 11.4v2.017H5.345V11.4H4v2.017a1.349 1.349 0 0 0 1.345 1.345h8.068a1.349 1.349 0 0 0 1.345-1.345V11.4zm-.672-2.694-.948-.948-1.741 1.735V4H8.706v5.493L6.965 7.758l-.948.948 3.361 3.361z\" transform=\"translate(-.437 -.414)\" style=\"fill: rgb(13, 123, 196);\"><\/path><\/g><\/svg>Download PDF<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Restek\u00a0Rtx-DHA-100\u00a0columns are individually tested and stringently controlled for retention, efficiency, peak symmetry, selectivity, resolution, and bleed. These columns meet or exceed all ASTM D6730-01 (2016) and CGSB method requirements and display excellent peak symmetry for polar oxygenates and reliable separation of all critical pairs. This allows users to obtain more correct and consistent detailed hydrocarbon analysis data, especially for oxygenate content. As shown here, the robustness of these columns even allows them to be used with hydrogen under accelerated temperature conditions, resulting in more than 50% faster analysis times. These performance gains allow refinery labs to process samples faster and make more profitable decisions during product blending.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">References<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>J.V. Hinshaw, Frequently asked questions about hydrogen carrier gas, LC-GC November (2008) 1100.&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.chromatographyonline.com\/frequently-asked-questions-about-hydrogen-carrier-gas\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">http:\/\/www.chromatographyonline.com\/frequently-asked-questions-about-hydrogen-carrier-gas<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>P. Froehlich, Using hydrogen for gas chromatography, Lab Mgr, 2 (2007) 17.&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/photos.labmanager.com\/magazinePDFs\/archives\/labmanager200702-dl.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">http:\/\/photos.labmanager.com\/magazinePDFs\/archives\/labmanager200702-dl.pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n        <div class=\"cpb\">\n            <h3 class=\"cpb-heading\">Products Mentioned<\/h3>\n            <hr class=\"cpb-heading-underline\" \/>\n            <div class=\"cpb-list\">\n                                    <div class=\"cpb-item\">\n                        <div class=\"cpb-col cpb-col--left\">\n                            <a class=\"cpb-catalog\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/10148\">                                Catalog No. 10148                            <\/a>                        <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"cpb-col cpb-col--middle\">\n                            <div class=\"cpb-title\">Colonna capillare GC Rtx-DHA-100, 100 m, ID 0,25 mm, 0,50 \u00b5m<\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"cpb-col cpb-col--right\">\n                                                            <a class=\"cpb-view-btn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/10148\">Esplora Prodotto<\/a>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        \n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Robust Rtx-DHA columns are highly stable and can be run with hydrogen carrier gas under accelerated conditions. The hydrogen-based method for detailed hydrocarbon analysis shown here is twice as fast as traditional approaches, which allows labs to process samples faster and make more profitable decisions during product blending.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":7555,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kadence_starter_templates_imported_post":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[787],"tags":[],"industries-application":[2283,2227,2229],"post-badge":[],"resource-type":[],"product-library":[2480,2492,2494],"resource-technique":[2324],"ppma_author":[620,621],"class_list":["post-43870","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-artikel","industries-application-energie-de","industries-application-kraftstoffproduktion","industries-application-raffinerie","product-library-gaschromatographie-produkte","product-library-gc-saulen","product-library-inlet-zubehor","resource-technique-gaschromatographie-gc"],"acf":[],"taxonomy_info":{"category":[{"value":787,"label":"Artikel"}],"industries-application":[{"value":2283,"label":"Energie"},{"value":2227,"label":"Kraftstoffproduktion"},{"value":2229,"label":"Raffinerie"}],"product-library":[{"value":2480,"label":"Gaschromatographie 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