{"id":43553,"date":"2020-10-29T14:30:00","date_gmt":"2020-10-29T14:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/uncategorized\/rapid-characterization-of-garlic-volatiles-no-sample-prep-required\/"},"modified":"2026-01-28T15:59:13","modified_gmt":"2026-01-28T15:59:13","slug":"rapid-characterization-of-garlic-volatiles-no-sample-prep-required","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/zh-hans\/artikel\/ffar3252\/rapid-characterization-of-garlic-volatiles-no-sample-prep-required","title":{"rendered":"Rapid Characterization of Garlic Volatiles\u2014No Sample Prep Required!"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>No sample preparation! Eliminate complicated steps required by other methods.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Rapid screening of garlic-specific flavor and odor compounds.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Speedy determination of volatiles profile.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Introduction<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Garlic,&nbsp;Allium sativum&nbsp;(L)., is a member of the onion family and is related to onions, shallots, and leek. It has a rich history in cooking and is characterized by a strong hot flavor which sweetens as it is cooked. Garlic has also been used for medicinal purposes for thousands of years and, at times, has been claimed to help prevent everything from high cholesterol to cancer. Recently, garlic supplements have gained popularity for boosting immune and cardiovascular health. Determining garlic flavor and odor components is important to the food industry since the quality of garlic and garlic powder affects overall food quality. Similarly, chromatographic methods for garlic are used by the dietary supplements industry to detect garlic volatiles that may affect the acceptability of supplements to the consumer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Garlic odor and flavor components are produce enzymatically from precursors when the plant is cut or crushed. Allicin is the key compound of interest produced in this manner but it degrades quickly to other sulfide compounds. These sulfide degradents help produce garlicky odor and taste and are more stable than allicin and retain health benefits. Many of these components are volatile and thus are well-suited for headspace analysis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This work describes the determination of garlic flavor and odor components by headspace gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HS GC\/MS). The method shown here requires no sample preparation making the bench work simple and fast. Other methods of analysis involve steam distillation, solid phase trapping solvent exchange, headspace solid phase microextraction, and simultaneous distillation and solvent extraction which can be difficult and time-consuming.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Method<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>This comparative analysis of fresh garlic and garlic powder was done on a PerkinElmer TurboMatrix 40 Trap Headspace Sampler. Several headspace conditions were adjusted to optimize the comparison. The column and injection pressures used were 15psi. Column flow is dictated by the headspace unit pressure when the headspace unit is directly coupled to the GC column. The vial was pressurized for 1 min., with a thermostat time of 15min. The oven, needle, and transfer temperatures were 80\u00b0C, 90\u00b0C and 110\u00b0C respectively. A 0.32mm ID IP deactivated guard column was used as a transfer line from the headspace unit to the GC oven. The transfer line was inserted into the injector of the Clarus 500 in a manner which allowed the flow from the HS-trap to be split (10:1). The analytical column used was a 30m x 0.25mm ID x 1.0\u00b5m Rxi-5ms column. The GC oven temperature program started with an initial temperature of 35\u00b0C (1 min.) increasing at 15\u00b0C\/min. to 20\u00b0C then increasing at 45\u00b0C\/min. to the final temperature of 300\u00b0C. The mass spectrometer was used as the detector with a scan range of 35-350amu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Results<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Several sulfur components were identified including allyl methylsulfide, 3,3&#8242;-thiobis-1-propene, allyl mercaptan and diallyl disulfide. Diallyl disulfide appeared to be the dominant component for both garlic preparations. The fingerprint, or relative ratios, of the other components were distinct for fresh garlic and powdered garlic. Figure 1 shows the total ion chromatograms and for both fresh garlic and garlic powder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>This work demonstrates the simplicity of using headspace GC\/MS for rapid characterization of garlic and garlic powder samples. The experimental set-up is ideal for both screening analysis and low-level trace analysis. This method will allow for rapid determination of garlic quality and could be used for the determination of low levels of sulfur containing compounds from odorless supplements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Figure 1<\/strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;Rapid screening of garlic volatiles\u2014analyze samples in less than 11 minutes!<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-custom-chromatogram-article\"><div class=\"wp-block-custom-chromatogram-article\"><div class=\"chromatogram-image regular-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/images\/cgram\/gc_ff00958.png\" alt=\"Fresh Garlic on Rxi-5ms\" title=\"-\"><\/div><p class=\"article-id\" style=\"text-align:center\"> GC_FF00958<\/p><div class=\"chromatogram-peaks\"><h4>Peaks<\/h4><table class=\"peaks col-lg-4 col-12\">\n<thead><tr><th><\/th><th style=\"text-align: left;width: 75px\">Peaks<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n<tbody><tr><td class=\"num\">1.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Allyl methylsulfide\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/10152-76-8\/Allyl methylsulfide\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Allyl methylsulfide<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">2.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\">3,3&#8242;-Thiobis-1-propene<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">3.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Allyl mercaptan\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/870-23-5\/Allyl mercaptan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Allyl mercaptan<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">4.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Diallyl disulphide\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/2179-57-9\/Diallyl disulphide\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Diallyl disulphide<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"chromatogram-conditions\"><h4>Conditions<\/h4><div class=\"conditions-container container-fluid\"><div class=\"row\"><table class=\"conditions col-lg-6 col-12\"><tr><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Column<\/th><td>Rxi -5ms, 30 m, 0.25 mm ID, 1.00 \u00b5m (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/13453?utm_source=chromatograms&amp;utm_medium=link&amp;utm_campaign=GC_FF00958\" rel=\"noopener\">cat.# 13453<\/a>)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>using IP Deactivated Guard Column 5 m, 0.32 mm ID (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/10044?utm_source=chromatograms&amp;utm_medium=link&amp;utm_campaign=GC_FF00958\" rel=\"noopener\">cat.# 10044<\/a>)<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Standard\/Sample<\/th><td>Fresh garlic<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Injection<\/th><td>headspace-trap<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Headspace-Trap<\/th><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Instrument:<\/th><td>PerkinElmer Turbomatrix 40 Trap Headspace Sampler  <\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Column Pressure:<\/th><td>15 psi<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Inj. Time:<\/th><td>0.02  min<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Inj. Temp.:<\/th><td>220 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Inj. Pressure:<\/th><td>30 psi<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Withdraw Time:<\/th><td>0.2  min<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Transfer Line Temp.:<\/th><td>110 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Oven Temp.:<\/th><td>80 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Needle Temp.:<\/th><td>90 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Vial Pressurize Time:<\/th><td>1  min<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Thermostat Time:<\/th><td>15  min<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\" colspan=\"2\">Oven<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Oven Temp.:<\/th><td>35 &#176;C (hold 1 min) to 220 &#176;C at 15 &#176;C\/min to 300 &#176;C at 45 &#176;C\/min<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Carrier Gas<\/th><td>He, constant flow<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Flow Rate:<\/th><td>1.5 mL\/min<\/td><\/tr><\/table><table class=\"conditions col-lg-6 col-12\"><tr><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Detector<\/th><td>MS<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Mode:<\/th><td>Scan<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Ionization Mode:<\/th><td>EI <\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Scan Range:<\/th><td>35-350 amu<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Notes<\/th><td>Injection: split (10:1)<\/td><\/tr><\/table><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chromatogram-pdf-link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/images\/cgram\/gc_ff00958.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 18 18\"><g data-name=\"Group 2996\"><path data-name=\"Rectangle 1246\" d=\"M0 0h18v18H0z\" style=\"fill: none;\"><\/path><\/g><g data-name=\"Group 2997\"><path data-name=\"Path 729\" d=\"M13.412 11.4v2.017H5.345V11.4H4v2.017a1.349 1.349 0 0 0 1.345 1.345h8.068a1.349 1.349 0 0 0 1.345-1.345V11.4zm-.672-2.694-.948-.948-1.741 1.735V4H8.706v5.493L6.965 7.758l-.948.948 3.361 3.361z\" transform=\"translate(-.437 -.414)\" style=\"fill: rgb(13, 123, 196);\"><\/path><\/g><\/svg>Download PDF<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-custom-chromatogram-article\"><div class=\"wp-block-custom-chromatogram-article\"><div class=\"chromatogram-image wide-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/images\/cgram\/gc_ff00959.png\" alt=\"Garlic Powder on Rxi-5ms\" title=\"-\"><\/div><p class=\"article-id\" style=\"text-align:center\"> GC_FF00959<\/p><div class=\"chromatogram-peaks\"><h4>Peaks<\/h4><table class=\"peaks col-lg-4 col-12\">\n<thead><tr><th><\/th><th style=\"text-align: left;width: 75px\">Peaks<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n<tbody><tr><td class=\"num\">1.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Allyl methylsulfide\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/10152-76-8\/Allyl methylsulfide\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Allyl methylsulfide<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">2.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\">3,3&#8242;-Thiobis-1-propene<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">3.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Allyl mercaptan\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/870-23-5\/Allyl mercaptan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Allyl mercaptan<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">4.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Diallyl disulphide\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/2179-57-9\/Diallyl disulphide\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Diallyl disulphide<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"chromatogram-conditions\"><h4>Conditions<\/h4><div class=\"conditions-container container-fluid\"><div class=\"row\"><table class=\"conditions col-lg-6 col-12\"><tr><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Column<\/th><td>Rxi -5ms, 30 m, 0.25 mm ID, 1.00 \u00b5m (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/13453?utm_source=chromatograms&amp;utm_medium=link&amp;utm_campaign=GC_FF00959\" rel=\"noopener\">cat.# 13453<\/a>)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>using IP deactivated guard column 5 m, 0.32 mm ID (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/10044?utm_source=chromatograms&amp;utm_medium=link&amp;utm_campaign=GC_FF00959\" rel=\"noopener\">cat.# 10044<\/a>)<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Standard\/Sample<\/th><td>Garlic powder<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Injection<\/th><td>headspace-trap<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Headspace-Trap<\/th><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Instrument:<\/th><td>PerkinElmer Turbomatrix 40 Trap Headspace Sampler  <\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Column Pressure:<\/th><td>15 psi<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Inj. Time:<\/th><td>0.02  min<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Inj. Temp.:<\/th><td>220 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Inj. Pressure:<\/th><td>30 psi<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Withdraw Time:<\/th><td>0.2  min<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Transfer Line Temp.:<\/th><td>110 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Oven Temp.:<\/th><td>80 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Needle Temp.:<\/th><td>90 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Vial Pressurize Time:<\/th><td>1  min<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Thermostat Time:<\/th><td>15  min<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\" colspan=\"2\">Oven<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Oven Temp.:<\/th><td>35 &#176;C (hold 1 min) to 220 &#176;C at 15 &#176;C\/min to 300 &#176;C at 45 &#176;C\/min<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Carrier Gas<\/th><td>He, constant flow<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Flow Rate:<\/th><td>1.5 mL\/min<\/td><\/tr><\/table><table class=\"conditions col-lg-6 col-12\"><tr><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Detector<\/th><td>MS<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Mode:<\/th><td>Scan<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Ionization Mode:<\/th><td>EI <\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Scan Range:<\/th><td>35-350 amu<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Notes<\/th><td>Injection: split (10:1)<\/td><\/tr><\/table><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chromatogram-pdf-link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/images\/cgram\/gc_ff00959.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 18 18\"><g data-name=\"Group 2996\"><path data-name=\"Rectangle 1246\" d=\"M0 0h18v18H0z\" style=\"fill: none;\"><\/path><\/g><g data-name=\"Group 2997\"><path data-name=\"Path 729\" d=\"M13.412 11.4v2.017H5.345V11.4H4v2.017a1.349 1.349 0 0 0 1.345 1.345h8.068a1.349 1.349 0 0 0 1.345-1.345V11.4zm-.672-2.694-.948-.948-1.741 1.735V4H8.706v5.493L6.965 7.758l-.948.948 3.361 3.361z\" transform=\"translate(-.437 -.414)\" style=\"fill: rgb(13, 123, 196);\"><\/path><\/g><\/svg>Download PDF<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Chromatographic methods for garlic and garlic powder are used by the food and dietary supplement industries to monitor product quality. Here we present a headspace gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HS GC\/MS) method for garlic flavor and odor components using an Rxi-5ms column. This method eliminates sample preparation making the bench work simple and fast. The experimental set-up is ideal for both screening analysis and low-level trace analysis.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":38,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kadence_starter_templates_imported_post":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[787],"tags":[],"industries-application":[2222,2236,2237],"post-badge":[],"resource-type":[],"product-library":[2480,2492],"resource-technique":[2324,2359,2328],"hf_cat_post":[650],"ppma_author":[594,720,458,767],"class_list":["post-43553","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-artikel","industries-application-chemische-produktion","industries-application-lebensmittel-getranke","industries-application-lebensmittelqualitat","product-library-gaschromatographie-produkte","product-library-gc-saulen","resource-technique-gaschromatographie-gc","resource-technique-headspace-de","resource-technique-massenspektrometrie-ms"],"acf":[],"taxonomy_info":{"category":[{"value":787,"label":"Artikel"}],"industries-application":[{"value":2222,"label":"Chemische Produktion"},{"value":2236,"label":"Lebensmittel &amp; Getr\u00e4nke"},{"value":2237,"label":"Lebensmittelqualit\u00e4t"}],"product-library":[{"value":2480,"label":"Gaschromatographie Produkte"},{"value":2492,"label":"GC S\u00e4ulen"}],"resource-technique":[{"value":2324,"label":"Gaschromatographie (GC)"},{"value":2359,"label":"Headspace"},{"value":2328,"label":"Massenspektrometrie (MS)"}]},"featured_image_src_large":false,"author_info":{"display_name":"Jason Thomas","author_link":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/zh-hans\/author\/jason-thomas\/"},"comment_info":0,"category_info":[{"term_id":787,"name":"Artikel","slug":"artikel","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":787,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":0,"count":467,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":787,"category_count":467,"category_description":"","cat_name":"Artikel","category_nicename":"artikel","category_parent":0}],"tag_info":false,"authors":[{"term_id":594,"user_id":0,"is_guest":1,"slug":"julie-kowalski","display_name":"Julie Kowalski","avatar_url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mm&r=g","0":null,"1":"","2":"","3":"","4":"","5":"","6":"","7":"","8":""},{"term_id":720,"user_id":0,"is_guest":1,"slug":"michelle-long","display_name":"Michelle Long","avatar_url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mm&r=g","0":null,"1":"","2":"","3":"","4":"","5":"","6":"","7":"","8":""},{"term_id":458,"user_id":38,"is_guest":0,"slug":"jason-thomas","display_name":"Jason Thomas","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/people-thomas-jason.png","url2x":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/people-thomas-jason.png"},"0":null,"1":"","2":"","3":"","4":"","5":"","6":"","7":"","8":""},{"term_id":767,"user_id":0,"is_guest":1,"slug":"william-goodman","display_name":"William Goodman","avatar_url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mm&r=g","0":null,"1":"","2":"","3":"","4":"","5":"","6":"","7":"","8":""}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43553","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/38"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=43553"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43553\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":85441,"href":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43553\/revisions\/85441"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=43553"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=43553"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=43553"},{"taxonomy":"industries-application","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/industries-application?post=43553"},{"taxonomy":"post-badge","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/post-badge?post=43553"},{"taxonomy":"resource-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource-type?post=43553"},{"taxonomy":"product-library","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product-library?post=43553"},{"taxonomy":"resource-technique","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource-technique?post=43553"},{"taxonomy":"hf_cat_post","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/hf_cat_post?post=43553"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=43553"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}