{"id":43567,"date":"2020-10-26T14:30:00","date_gmt":"2020-10-26T14:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/uncategorized\/high-throughput-analysis-of-cannabinoids-by-lc-uv\/"},"modified":"2025-12-08T20:26:57","modified_gmt":"2025-12-08T20:26:57","slug":"high-throughput-analysis-of-cannabinoids-by-lc-uv","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/zh-hans\/articles\/ffss2851\/high-throughput-analysis-of-cannabinoids-by-lc-uv","title":{"rendered":"High Throughput Analysis of Cannabinoids by LC-UV"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Increase sample throughput with this fast, 9-minute analysis.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Baseline separation of 16 cannabinoids provides more accurate and comprehensive potency and profile data.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Simple, isocratic method is more easily transferable between instruments and labs than gradient methods.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>As the cannabis market grows, interest in more detailed analysis of cannabinoid profiles is expanding because more comprehensive data can be used for strain identification as well as to ensure more accurate potency testing. More than 100 cannabinoids have been isolated from cannabis to date, and these compounds can interfere with the five most commonly analyzed cannabinoids: tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid A (THCA), cannabidiol (CBD), cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), and cannabinol (CBN). The LC-UV method shown here uses a Raptor ARC-18 column to fully resolve 16 major and most frequently observed minor cannabinoids for which commercial standards are available. Baseline separation ensures positive identification and accurate quantitation. As shown, all compounds were resolved in a fast 9-minute analysis, making this method suitable for high-throughput cannabis testing labs. In addition, this analysis uses a simple isocratic mobile phase so it is more easily transferable between instruments, compared to more complex methods that incorporate atypical mobile phase gradients or additives.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-custom-chromatogram-article-top\"><div class=\"chromatogram-article-placeholder\"><div class=\"figure-heading\"><\/div><div class='chromatogram-article-inner-full'><div class=\"chromatogram-article-inner\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-custom-chromatogram-article\"><div class=\"wp-block-custom-chromatogram-article\"><div class=\"chromatogram-image regular-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/images\/cgram\/lc_gn0578.png\" alt=\"16 Cannabinoids on Raptor ARC-18 2.7 \u03bcm by LC-UV\" title=\"-\"><\/div><p class=\"article-id\" style=\"text-align:center\"> LC_GN0578<\/p><div class=\"chromatogram-peaks\"><h4>Peaks<\/h4><table class=\"peaks col-lg-6 col-12 peak-50\">\n<thead><tr><th><\/th><th style=\"text-align: left;width: 75px\">Peaks<\/th><th style=\"text-align: center;width: 50px\">t<sub>R<\/sub> (min)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n<tbody><tr><td class=\"num\">1.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Cannabidivarinic acid (CBDVA)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/31932-13-5\/Cannabidivarinic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cannabidivarinic acid (CBDVA)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">1.877<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">2.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Cannabidivarin (CBDV)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/24274-48-4\/Cannabidivarin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cannabidivarin (CBDV)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">2.086<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">3.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Cannabidiolic acid (CBDA)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/1244-58-2\/Cannabidiolic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cannabidiolic acid (CBDA)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">2.592<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">4.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Cannabigerolic acid (CBGA)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/25555-57-1\/Cannabigerolic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cannabigerolic acid (CBGA)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">2.750<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">5.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Cannabigerol (CBG)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/25654-31-3\/Cannabigerol\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cannabigerol (CBG)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">2.912<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">6.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Cannabidiol (CBD)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/13956-29-1\/Cannabidiol\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cannabidiol (CBD)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">3.084<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">7.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/31262-37-0\/Tetrahydrocannabivarin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">3.391<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">8.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Tetrahydrocannabivarinic acid (THCVA)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/39986-26-0\/Tetrahydrocannabivarinic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tetrahydrocannabivarinic acid (THCVA)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">4.279<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody><\/table>\n<table class=\"peaks col-lg-6 col-12 peak-50\"><thead><tr><th><\/th><th style=\"text-align: left;width: 75px\">Peaks<\/th><th style=\"text-align: center;width: 50px\">t<sub>R<\/sub> (min)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">9.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Cannabinol (CBN)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/521-35-7\/Cannabinol\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cannabinol (CBN)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">4.609<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">10.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Cannabinolic acid (CBNA)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/2808-39-1\/Cannabinolic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cannabinolic acid (CBNA)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">5.437<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">11.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for \u03949-Tetrahydrocannabinol (\u03949-THC)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/1972-08-3\/\u03949-Tetrahydrocannabinol\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u03949-Tetrahydrocannabinol (\u03949-THC)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">5.815<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">12.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for \u03948-Tetrahydrocannabinol (\u03948-THC)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/5957-75-5\/\u03948-Tetrahydrocannabinol\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u03948-Tetrahydrocannabinol (\u03948-THC)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">6.002<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">13.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Cannabicyclol (CBL)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/21366-63-2\/Cannabicyclol\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cannabicyclol (CBL)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">6.916<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">14.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Cannabichromene (CBC)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/20675-51-8\/Cannabichromene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cannabichromene (CBC)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">7.263<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">15.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid A (THCA-A)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/23978-85-0\/Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid A\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid A (THCA-A)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">7.612<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"num\">16.<\/td><td class=\"cmpd\"><a class=\"cmpd_link\" title=\"View compound information for Cannabichromenic acid (CBCA)\" href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/compound\/view\/en\/185505-15-1\/Cannabichromenic acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cannabichromenic acid (CBCA)<\/a><\/td><td class=\"oth\">8.510<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody><\/table><\/div><div class=\"chromatogram-conditions\"><h4>Conditions<\/h4><div class=\"conditions-container container-fluid\"><div class=\"row\"><table class=\"conditions col-lg-6 col-12\"><tr><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Column<\/th><td>Raptor ARC-18  (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/9314A65?utm_source=chromatograms&amp;utm_medium=link&amp;utm_campaign=LC_GN0578\" rel=\"noopener\">cat.# 9314A65<\/a>)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Dimensions:<\/th><td>150 mm x 4.6 mm ID<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Particle Size:<\/th><td>2.7 \u00b5m<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Pore Size:<\/th><td>90 \u00c5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Guard Column:<\/th><td>Raptor ARC-18 EXP guard column cartridge 2.7 \u00b5m (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/9314A0250?utm_source=chromatograms&amp;utm_medium=link&amp;utm_campaign=LC_GN0578\" rel=\"noopener\">cat.# 9314A0250<\/a>)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Temp.:<\/th><td>30 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Standard\/Sample<\/th><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>Tetrahydrocannabivarin (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/34100?utm_source=chromatograms&amp;utm_medium=link&amp;utm_campaign=LC_GN0578\" rel=\"noopener\">cat.# 34100<\/a>)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>Cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/34094?utm_source=chromatograms&amp;utm_medium=link&amp;utm_campaign=LC_GN0578\" rel=\"noopener\">cat.# 34094<\/a>)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>Cannabichromene (CBC) (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/34092?utm_source=chromatograms&amp;utm_medium=link&amp;utm_campaign=LC_GN0578\" rel=\"noopener\">cat.# 34092<\/a>)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>Cannabigerol (CBG) (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/34091?utm_source=chromatograms&amp;utm_medium=link&amp;utm_campaign=LC_GN0578\" rel=\"noopener\">cat.# 34091<\/a>)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid A (THCA-A)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>delta-8-Tetrahydrocannabinol (\u0394<sup>8<\/sup>-THC) (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/34090?utm_source=chromatograms&amp;utm_medium=link&amp;utm_campaign=LC_GN0578\" rel=\"noopener\">cat.# 34090<\/a>)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (\u0394<sup>9<\/sup>-THC) (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/34067?utm_source=chromatograms&amp;utm_medium=link&amp;utm_campaign=LC_GN0578\" rel=\"noopener\">cat.# 34067<\/a>)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>Cannabinol (CBN) (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/34010?utm_source=chromatograms&amp;utm_medium=link&amp;utm_campaign=LC_GN0578\" rel=\"noopener\">cat.# 34010<\/a>)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>Cannabidiol (CBD) (<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.restek.com\/p\/34011?utm_source=chromatograms&amp;utm_medium=link&amp;utm_campaign=LC_GN0578\" rel=\"noopener\">cat.# 34011<\/a>)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>Compounds not present in these mixes were obtained separately.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Diluent:<\/th><td>25:75 Water:methanol<\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Conc.:<\/th><td>50 \u00b5g\/mL<\/td><\/tr><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Inj. Vol.:<\/th><td>5 \u00b5L <\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Mobile Phase<\/th><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">A:<\/th><td>Water, 5 mM ammonium formate, 0.1% formic acid <\/td><\/tr><tr><th class=\"sub conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">B:<\/th><td>Acetonitrile, 0.1% formic acid <\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><table class=\"cgram_ramp\"><thead><tr><th>Time (min)<\/th><th>Flow (mL\/min)<\/th><th>%A<\/th><th>%B<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>0.00<\/td><td>1.5<\/td><td>25<\/td><td>75<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>9.00<\/td><td>1.5<\/td><td>25<\/td><td>75<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/td><\/tr><\/table><table class=\"conditions col-lg-6 col-12\"><tr><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Detector<\/th><td>UV\/Vis @ 228 nm<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Instrument<\/th><td>HPLC<\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"cgram_header_row\"><th class=\"conditions_header\" scope=\"row\">Notes<\/th><td>Standard cat.# 34093 was used to produce this chromatogram, but has since been discontinued. For assistance choosing a replacement for this application, contact Restek Technical Service or your local Restek representative.<\/td><\/tr><\/table><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"chromatogram-pdf-link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ez.restek.com\/images\/cgram\/lc_gn0578.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 18 18\"><g data-name=\"Group 2996\"><path data-name=\"Rectangle 1246\" d=\"M0 0h18v18H0z\" style=\"fill: none;\"><\/path><\/g><g data-name=\"Group 2997\"><path data-name=\"Path 729\" d=\"M13.412 11.4v2.017H5.345V11.4H4v2.017a1.349 1.349 0 0 0 1.345 1.345h8.068a1.349 1.349 0 0 0 1.345-1.345V11.4zm-.672-2.694-.948-.948-1.741 1.735V4H8.706v5.493L6.965 7.758l-.948.948 3.361 3.361z\" transform=\"translate(-.437 -.414)\" style=\"fill: rgb(13, 123, 196);\"><\/path><\/g><\/svg>Download PDF<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This simple, isocratic LC-UV analysis of cannabinoids provides complete resolution of 16 cannabinoids, allowing accurate quantitative potency and profile data to be reported. All compounds are separated to baseline in a fast, 9-minute analysis, making this method suitable for high-throughput cannabis testing labs.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":70537,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kadence_starter_templates_imported_post":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"industries-application":[2149],"post-badge":[],"resource-type":[2623],"product-library":[2391,2373],"resource-technique":[2299],"ppma_author":[414],"class_list":["post-43567","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","industries-application-cannabis","resource-type-featured-application","product-library-lc-columns","product-library-liquid-chromatography-products","resource-technique-liquid-chromatography"],"acf":[],"taxonomy_info":{"category":[{"value":7,"label":"Articles"}],"industries-application":[{"value":2149,"label":"Cannabis"}],"resource-type":[{"value":2623,"label":"Featured Application"}],"product-library":[{"value":2391,"label":"LC Columns"},{"value":2373,"label":"Liquid Chromatography Products"}],"resource-technique":[{"value":2299,"label":"Liquid Chromatography"}]},"featured_image_src_large":["https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/feature-FFSS2851-1024x536.jpg",1024,536,true],"author_info":{"display_name":"Restek Corporation","author_link":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/zh-hans\/author\/restek-corporation\/"},"comment_info":0,"category_info":[{"term_id":7,"name":"Articles","slug":"articles","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":7,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":0,"count":465,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":7,"category_count":465,"category_description":"","cat_name":"Articles","category_nicename":"articles","category_parent":0}],"tag_info":false,"authors":[{"term_id":414,"user_id":11,"is_guest":0,"slug":"restek-corporation","display_name":"Restek Corporation","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Restek_Favicon_300x300.jpg","url2x":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Restek_Favicon_300x300.jpg"},"0":null,"1":"","2":"","3":"","4":"","5":"","6":"","7":"","8":""}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43567","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=43567"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43567\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":72374,"href":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43567\/revisions\/72374"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/70537"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=43567"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=43567"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=43567"},{"taxonomy":"industries-application","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/industries-application?post=43567"},{"taxonomy":"post-badge","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/post-badge?post=43567"},{"taxonomy":"resource-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource-type?post=43567"},{"taxonomy":"product-library","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product-library?post=43567"},{"taxonomy":"resource-technique","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource-technique?post=43567"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=43567"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}