{"id":76420,"date":"2021-06-17T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-06-17T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/?p=76420"},"modified":"2026-01-28T15:52:55","modified_gmt":"2026-01-28T15:52:55","slug":"flavonoids-the-next-routine-cannabis-test","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/discover.restek.com\/zh-hans\/blogs-zh\/gnbl5494\/flavonoids-the-next-routine-cannabis-test","title":{"rendered":"Flavonoids\u2026 The Next Routine Cannabis Test?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Hemp\/cannabis are chemically complex matrices containing a wide-array of bioactive compounds, whose synergistic interactions give the plant its therapeutic effects. Flavonoids are a group of compounds found in hemp\/cannabis and account for about 2.5% of the dry weight of the flowers and leaves.1<\/sup> Flavonoids are antioxidant rich and can effect flavor profiles of foods. Hemp\/cannabis also have some unique flavonoids that cannot be found in any other plants including cannflavin A, cannflavin B, and cannflavin C.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Routine testing in cannabis labs typically includes potency testing for phytocannabinoids and terpenes, but oftentimes doesn\u2019t include flavonoid testing. Flavonoids are ubiquitous in hemp\/cannabis and, like terpenes, contribute to the overall aroma and flavor of the plant. Herein, a method to detect flavonoids in hemp flower has been developed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Since there are many naturally occurring flavonoids, a literature search was performed in order to compile a list of flavonoids most commonly detected in hemp\/cannabis. A total of 19 flavonoids were identified as both analytes of interest and commercially available for purchase. Some of the desired compounds were difficult to procure, such as cannflavin C, but these compounds may become more readily available as flavonoid analysis in hemp\/cannabis becomes more popular.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For analysis by LC-MS\/MS, each compound was tuned and optimized for detection. Of the 19 analytes of interest, there existed three groups of isobars which required chromatographic separation for analysis. These groups are color coded in the compound table below and the critical separation of these compounds can be seen in the solvent chromatogram. This method has a 7 minute cycle time, allowing for rapid sample throughput.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Column<\/strong><\/td>\nRaptor Biphenyl (cat.# 9309A12)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Dimensions:<\/td>\n100 mm x 2.1 mm ID<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Particle Size:<\/td>\n2.7 \u00b5m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Pore Size:<\/td>\n90 \u00c5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Guard Column:<\/td>\nRaptor Biphenyl EXP 5 mm, 2.1 mm ID, 2.7 \u00b5m (cat.# 9309A0252)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Temp.:<\/td>\n30 \u00b0C<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Diluent:<\/td>\n60\/40 Water\/Methanol<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Inj. Vol.:<\/td>\n2 \u00b5L<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Mobile Phase<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
A:<\/td>\nWater, 0.1% formic acid<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
B:<\/td>\nMethanol, 0.1% formic acid<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0<\/td>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Time (min)<\/strong><\/td>\nFlow (mL\/min)<\/strong><\/td>\n%A<\/strong><\/td>\n%B<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
0.00<\/td>\n0.5<\/td>\n60<\/td>\n40<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4.00<\/td>\n0.5<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n100<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5.50<\/td>\n0.5<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n100<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5.51<\/td>\n0.5<\/td>\n60<\/td>\n40<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7.00<\/td>\n0.5<\/td>\n60<\/td>\n40<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Detector<\/strong><\/td>\nMS\/MS<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ion Source:<\/td>\nElectrospray<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ion Mode:<\/td>\nESI+\/ESI-<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Mode:<\/td>\nMRM<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Instrument<\/strong><\/td>\nUHPLC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n
 <\/td>Analyte<\/strong><\/td>Retention Time (min)<\/strong><\/td>Precursor Ion<\/strong><\/td>Product Ion 1<\/strong><\/td>Product Ion 2<\/strong><\/td>Product Ion 3<\/strong><\/td>Polarity<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
1<\/td>Orientin<\/td>1.47<\/td>449.0<\/td>329.1<\/td>299.1<\/td>431.0<\/td>+<\/td><\/tr>
2<\/td>Vitexin<\/td>1.83<\/td>433.0<\/td>313.1<\/td>283.0<\/td>415.1<\/td>+<\/td><\/tr>
3<\/td>Rutin<\/td>1.90<\/td>609.1<\/td>300.1<\/td>301.0<\/td>271.0<\/td>–<\/td><\/tr>
4<\/td>Quercetin-3-D-glycopyranoside<\/td>2.01<\/td>463.1<\/td>300.0<\/td>301.0<\/td>271.0<\/td>–<\/td><\/tr>
5<\/td>Isovitexin<\/td>2.02<\/td>433.4<\/td>283.0<\/td>313.1<\/td>337.0<\/td>+<\/td><\/tr>
6<\/td>Luteolin-7-O-glucuronide<\/td>2.22<\/td>463.0<\/td>287.1<\/td>153.2<\/td>135.1<\/td>+<\/td><\/tr>
7<\/td>Fisetin<\/td>2.44<\/td>285.0<\/td>135.0<\/td>121.0<\/td>163.0<\/td>–<\/td><\/tr>
8<\/td>Apigenin-7-O-glucuronide<\/td>2.66<\/td>447.0<\/td>271.1<\/td>153.2<\/td>119.1<\/td>+<\/td><\/tr>
9<\/td>Quercetin<\/td>2.75<\/td>301.0<\/td>151.0<\/td>179.0<\/td>107.0<\/td>–<\/td><\/tr>
10<\/td>Luteolin<\/td>2.92<\/td>285.0<\/td>133.0<\/td>151.0<\/td>175.0<\/td>–<\/td><\/tr>
11<\/td>Kaempferol<\/td>3.14<\/td>285.0<\/td>92.9<\/td>239.0<\/td>185.0<\/td>–<\/td><\/tr>
12<\/td>Apigenin<\/td>3.27<\/td>271.0<\/td>153.0<\/td>119.0<\/td>69.1<\/td>+<\/td><\/tr>
13<\/td>Baicalin<\/td>3.36<\/td>447.1<\/td>271.1<\/td>123.1<\/td>253.1<\/td>+<\/td><\/tr>
14<\/td>Silymarin<\/td>3.32<\/td>481.1<\/td>301.0<\/td>125.1<\/td>152.0<\/td>–<\/td><\/tr>
15<\/td>Chrysin<\/td>4.14<\/td>253.0<\/td>143.2<\/td>63.1<\/td>209.0<\/td>–<\/td><\/tr>
16<\/td>Wogonin<\/td>4.22<\/td>285.0<\/td>270.1<\/td>151.2<\/td>179.0<\/td>+<\/td><\/tr>
17<\/td>Cannflavin B<\/td>4.32<\/td>369.1<\/td>313.0<\/td>298.0<\/td>165.0<\/td>+<\/td><\/tr>
18<\/td>Cannflavin A<\/td>4.62<\/td>437.1<\/td>313.1<\/td>165.0<\/td>298.1<\/td>+<\/td><\/tr>
19<\/td>B-sitosterol<\/td>5.47<\/td>397.4<\/td>161.1<\/td>135.1<\/td>147.2<\/td>+<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
19 Flavonoids in Solvent<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n